1. THE GRIZZLY BEAR by: Colleen Regan Period 4A http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/grizzly-bear/

2. DESCRIPTION It has brown and grizzled looking fur A full grown bear can range between 5 and 8 feet tall Grizzly bears are powerful predators. Much of their diet consists of nuts, berries, fruit, leaves, and roots. Bears also eat other animals, and kill their own species. They can run 30 miles per hour They are a keystone species http://www.successfulworkplace.org/2013/11/20/youre-going-change- culture-quickly http://www.concierge.com/images/destinations/destinationguide/usa%2Bcan ada/usa/alaska/seeanddo/bearwatching/grizzlybearsalmon_001p.jpg http://imgc.artprintimages.com/images/art-print/james-hager-grizzly-bear-ursus-arctos- horribilis-standing-in-the-snow-near-bozeman-montana-usa_i-G-62-6242-LSJ3100Z.jpg

3. WHERE IS THE GRIZZLY BEAR FOUND? Grizzlies once lived in much of western North America and even roamed the Great Plains. Currently: Montana Washington Wyoming Idaho Canada Alaska http://www.nrmsc.usgs.gov/research/CYEbeardna_detail

4. WHY IS IT ENDANGERED? It is a threatened species. Habitat destruction and competition with people for space eliminated them from much of the United States, pushing their population into Canada and Alaska. Livestock depredation control Habitat deterioration Commercial trapping Unregulated hunting The perception that grizzlies threaten human life

5. HOW MANY REMAIN? Today only about 1,000 Grizzlies remain in the continental U.S., where they are protected by law. 350 (northwestern Montana Rockies), 350-400 (in or around Yellowstone National Park), 10 (Selkirk Mountains), 15 or so (Cabinet-Yaak ecosystem), and perhaps 10 or more (North Cascades) In Canada and Alaska many Grizzly Bears still roam and are hunted as big game trophies. Estimated populations of the Grizzly were 1,200 in Alberta 6,500 in British Columbia 4,000 to 5,000 in the Northwest Territories 31,000 in Alaska It is estimated that hunting, poaching, and other human related activities are responsible for the deaths of 6,335 grizzlies every year.

6. WHY IS THE GRIZZLY IMPORTANT? Grizzly Bears are sometimes called “ecosystem engineers” They help build and change the ecosystem in which they are a part They contribute to nutrient cycling and seed dispersal Bringing nitrogen back into the environment through leaving salmon pieces through the forests. They are a predator to moose, elk, salmon, and other bears

7. WHAT IS BEING DONE TO REVITALIZE THE SPECIES? The National Wildlife Federation Expand habitat in Yellowstone National Park Reestablish populations of Grizzly Bears in areas that are stable enough to support the bears Wilderness areas of central Idaho Working to stop dangerous projects that are threatening the natural habitat of the Grizzly Bears further

8. WHAT CAN BE DONE TO FURTHER HELP THE SPECIES? People who live in areas with Grizzly Bears should restrict access to garbage, dog food, bird food, dead livestock, etc., so that the bear does not become a threat and destroyed. http://ken-cdn.com/sites/default/files/imagecache/superphoto/12024037.jpg

9. HOW SUCCESSFUL ARE OUR EFFORTS? They were was delisted in 2007, relisted in 2010 due concerns about habitat loss and global warming, and declared recovered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 2011. However issues include that the bears move into tourist areas of national parks. Also, people illegally shoot the bears when they come near their property or livestock. http://www.esasuccess.org/report_2012.html

10. WORKS CITED Endangered bears. (n.d.). Retrieved January 29, 2014, from Brown Bear website: http://www.brownbear.org/endangeredbears.htm Grizzly bear. (n.d.). Retrieved January 29, 2014, from National Geographic website:http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/grizzly- bear/ Grizzly bear. (n.d.). Retrieved January 29, 2014, from National Wildlife Federation website: http://www.nwf.org/wildlife/wildlife-library/mammals/grizzly-bear.aspx MacDonald, J., MacDonald, P., MacPhee, M., & Nicolle, P. (n.d.). Grizzly bears. Retrieved January 29, 2014, from http://www.edu.pe.ca/southernkings/grizzly.htm What are keystone species. (n.d.). Retrieved January 29, 2014, from Keystone Conservation website: http://www.keystoneconservation.us/keystone_conservation/keystone- species.html 110 success stories for endangered species day 2012. (n.d.). Retrieved January 29, 2014, from http://www.esasuccess.org/report_2012.html