1. Bio Warm Up #2 1.Explain what a hypothesis is and provide an example. 2.Charles does an experiment and finds that Plant A grew faster than plant B. This is a, a.Result b. theory c. hypothesis d. procedure 3. List the 6 major steps of the scientific method. 4. The ________ (manipulated/responding) variable is the variable that is changed during an experiment.

2. Chapter 1.1 & 1.2 The Science of Biology

3. Question: What is biology?

4. Thinking Like a Scientist Scientists ask QUESTIONS Make OBSERVATIONS Observations turn into DATA  Quantitative Data  Data based on NUMBERS  Qualitative Data  Data based on OBSERVATIONS

5. How Scientists Work What do scientists do? Why should we care?

6. Designing Experiments Start with a QUESTION OBSERVE Form a HYPOTHESIS  testable, in “if/then” form Design EXPERIMENT Record & analyze RESULTS CONCLUDE

7. Hypothesis Question based on prior knowledge Testable Accept or reject Ex: “If I water my plants for five days, then my plants will grow by 5 cm because I watered them everyday.”

8. PRACTICE Write a hypothesis for the following scenarios. Remember, use “if… then”, format! 1.Air conditioner breaks down in your house 2.Your friend gets sick after eating a chicken sandwich 3.Your dad’s car doesn’t start in the morning

9. Controlled Experiments When one variable is changed at a time You CONTROL certain things about the experiment. Ex: You do an experiment where you want to test two different fertilizers on strawberry plants. Must control: amount of water you give them, how much light they both get, make sure it’s the same type of plant, etc. You only change what type of fertilizer you give the plants.

10. Controlled Experiments Two types of variables: 1.Manipulated variable = variable that is CHANGED 2.Responding variable = variable that is OBSERVED

11. PRACTICE Find the manipulated and responding variables in this experiment and explain what you should CONTROL: Franky finds that flies appear in the kitchen when he leaves steak uncovered, out on the counter. He is unsure why this happens, so he designs an experiment. He leaves out two pieces of steak. One piece is uncovered, while the other piece is covered with plastic wrap. He waits two days. The steak that is uncovered appears to have flies on it.

12. PRACTICE Michelle threw away a garbage bag that had food in it. Two days later she came back and found maggots in the trashcan. She designed an experiment to test what happened. She left one trashcan inside and another one outside. She placed the same type of trash in both cans. She waited two days. She found the trashcan that was outside had maggots while the one inside did not.

13. Theory vs. Hypothesis Theory = well tested explanation; unifies a range of observations  Not absolute truth Ex: Theory of relativity, theory of evolution, theory of plate tectonics Hypothesis = an educated, testable question

14. Inconsistent Results Happens when you have sources of ERROR:  Incorrect measurements  Too many variables  No controls Q: What are other possible types of errors?

15. Scientific Evidence Science BUILDS upon itself  Always changing  Evidence builds up, new theories are created