1. Note Cards
By: Matthew Kornack

2. Numbers
Science In Medieval Islam
Muslims Inherited three systems of calculation the first employed a finger reckoning method, it expressed numerical operations in terms of specific position of the fingers. The second represented numbers by letter of the alphabet. The third made it possible to express any number by mean of nine figures and a symbol zero. P 45

3. Measure the Earth Most Ordinary people thought the earth was flat
Science in early Islamic culture
Most Ordinary people thought the earth was flat
Some observers thought it was round
Accounts of the attempts to measure earth were collected by Islamic scholars S 19

4. Measure the Earth
Science in early Islamic culture
Al-Ma’mun who was a Muslim ruler assigned a few scholars a major mission, they were to measure the size of earth
The Scholars used one key aspect of math to help measure earth, trigonometry.
When the scholars figured out the size of earth it turned out to be wrong. S 20

5. Geometry
Science in Medieval Islam
Muslim Geometry descended directly from the principles set forth by Euclid
Muslims Utilized increasingly sophisticated geometry in surveying
Also used geometry to design wheels, and other stuff like war machines S
46-47

6. Geometry
Science in Medieval Islam
Many Muslim mathematicians spent time proving Euclid's fifth postulate and in the 9th century it was understand that medieval Muslims defined what came to be called Euclidean geometry 47 P

7. Geometry
Science In Medieval Islam
In the 9th century Banu Musa and others investigated problems in constructing interrelated geometrical figures. Many character in geometry were studied such as the point, line, and space. P 46

8. Trigonometry Trigonometry deals with angle and triangles
Science In early Islamic Culture
Trigonometry deals with angle and triangles
Al-Battani Became one of the leaders in Moslem Mathematics and one of the Most best astronomers.
Surveyors and astronomers use trigonometry s 18

9. Trigonometry
Science In early Islamic Culture
Trigonometry is extremely important to surveyors and astronomers in their measurements of the space between objects on earth or in the skies. P 18

10. Islamic Contributions to Science
Science in Early Islamic Culture
Muslims discovered the principle of pendulum which was used to measure time
Many Of Newton's laws derived from Islamic works
Muslims were amazing chemists, as a result of this a lot of terms in chemistry are of Islamic origin.

11. Al-Khwarizmi Helped Lay the ground work for Algebra
The Islamic Herald
Helped Lay the ground work for Algebra
Found methods to deal with complex problems such as square roots and fractions
Was born in an area called Khwarizm
Many of his books were translated into European languages S 17

12. Arabic Numerals Became popular in the 9th century to the moslem world
Praised by Al-Khwarizmi
Al called the Arabic math algebra
Algebra in Arabic means restitution

13. Trigonometry Was a substantial Muslim creation
Science In Medieval Islam
Was a substantial Muslim creation
Trigonometry replaced an ancient system called cords
It made it much easier to solve complex problems connected with spherical triangles S 48

14. Al-Khwarizmi
Science In Medieval Islam
Al opened the door wide to the advanced mathematical procedures
His algebra includes principles of square roots and other fundamental operations
Has a clear demonstration of positional mathematics and examples of equations S 48

15. Significant Muslim Mathematicians
Science In Medieval Islam
Ibn al-Haytham was an astronomer and specialized in optics
Abu Rayhan al-Biruni was a philosopher, historian and many other things
Al-Khwarizmi was also an astronomer and geographer 48 S

16. “Arithmetic of daily life”
Science in Medieval Islam
This was essential in the calculation of taxes to the division of personal estates
Muslims clarified the the fundamental mathematical principles to the public and it was to promote efficiency in all kinds of computation S 46