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Obstetric Abdominal Palpation
Angela Laughton Clinical Education Manager/Midwife Bradford Teaching Hospital NHS Trust
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Aims To be able to: Measure fundal height & calculate approx gestation
Understand the process of examination Use a Pinard stethoscope
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Inspection The 8 ‘S’ Shape and asymmetry Tense stretching ‘Stripe’
Striae gravidarium Scars ?foetal movements Superficial dilated veins ?inversion of the umbilicus
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Symphysiofundal Height
Palpate uterus with left hand To find fundus press, there is a ‘give’ at the fundus Measure from here with a straight tape down to the pubic symphysis
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Fetal Poles & axis The fetal poles refer to the head and bottom of the fetus. In Twins at least three fetal poles should be felt. From finding the 2 poles you can determine the ‘lie/axis’ of the baby e.g. longitudinal, transverse or oblique.
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Axis
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Presentation Turn to face the pelvis and press the fingers of both hands firmly downwards just above the symphysis pubis Head= cephalic Bottom=Breech Any other part of the body=compact presentation e.g. shoulder, arm.
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Breech or cephalic?? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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Head engagement Ballot head between fingers Record in fifths palpable
Head engaged at 2/5 palpable or less Free at 3/5 palpable or more
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Auscultation with the Pinard Stethoscope
Place funnel end over the left anterior shoulder of the fetus and press ear to other end Difficult technique / skill Should always be done prior to using sonic-aid
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