1. Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

2. Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land Florida Benchmark Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company SC.7.E.6.6 Identify the impact that humans have had on Earth, such as deforestation, urbanization, desertification, erosion, air and water quality, changing the flow of water.

3. What are the different types of land use? Humans use land in many ways, including recreation, transportation, agriculture, residence, commerce, and industry. Natural areas are places that humans have left alone or restored to a natural state. Natural areas include forests, grasslands, and desert areas. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land

4. What are the different types of land use? Much of the open land in rural areas is used for agriculture. Agricultural land is used to raise and feed cattle and other livestock. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land

5. What are the different types of land use? Residential areas can be rural or urban. Rural areas have a lot of open land and low densities of people. Urban areas have dense populations. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land

6. What are the different types of land use?  Urbanization is the growth of urban areas caused by people moving into the cities. As cities and towns expand, commercial businesses are built, too, replacing rural or natural areas. Industrial businesses also use land resources. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land

7. Why is soil important? Soil is a mixture of mineral fragments, organic material, water, and air. Soil provides habitat for organisms such as plants, fungi, and bacteria. Plants get much of the water and nutrients they need from soil. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land

8. Why is soil important? Soil is a habitat for organisms. Many burrowing animals live in soil and find food underground. Decomposers, which are organisms that break down dead animal and plant material, live in soil. Soil holds plant roots in place. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land

9. Why is soil important? Soil stores water and nutrients. Different types of soil can store different amounts of water. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land

10. Why is soil important? Soils are also part of the nutrient cycle. Plants take up nutrients and water from the soil, then are broken down by decomposers. The decomposers release the nutrients back into the soil, and the cycle starts again. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land

11. Footprints Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company How can human activities affect land and soil?  Human activities have positive and negative effects on land and soil. Some activities can degrade land.  Land degradation is the process by which human activity and natural processes damage land to the point that it can no longer support the local ecosystem. Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land

12. How can human activities affect land and soil?  Urban sprawl occurs when houses, roads, schools, and shopping areas replace forests, fields, and grasslands. Urban sprawl decreases the amount of farmland available for growing crops. It also decreases the amount of natural areas that surround cities. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land

13. How can human activities affect land and soil?  Humans that clear land for farming is one factor that can lead to soil erosion. Soil nutrients can get used up if the same crops are planted year after year. Farmers can plant a different crop each year to reduce nutrient loss. Pollution from industrial activities can damage land. Mining wastes, oil and petroleum spills, and chemical wastes can kill organisms in the soil. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land

14. How can human activities affect land and soil?  Desertification is the process by which land becomes more desertlike and unable to support life. Keeping too many livestock in one area can lead to desertification. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land

15. How can human activities affect land and soil?  The removal of trees and other vegetation from an area is called deforestation. Logging for wood, surface mining, and urbanization can cause deforestation. Deforestation leads to increased soil erosion. Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company Unit 9 Lesson 2 Human Impact on Land