1. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 1 Chapter 28 Real-Time Traffic over the Internet

2. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 2 CONTENTS CHARACTERISTICS RTP RTCP

3. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 3 인터넷상의 실시간 트래픽  실시간 멀티미디어 트래픽

4. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 4 인터넷상의 실시간 트래픽 In real-time traffic, if we ignore propagation delay, the production, transmission, and use of data takes place at the same time.

5. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 5 인터넷상의 실시간 트래픽 Example 1 An example of non-real-time multimedia traffic is the downloading of a video from the Internet. The video has already been made; it’s a finished product. A client HTTP is used to download the video from an HTTP server and the user views the video at a later time. The production, transmission, and use all happen at different times. Figure 28.2 shows this situation

6. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 6 인터넷상의 실시간 트래픽  비실시간 멀티미디어 트래픽

7. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 7 인터넷상의 실시간 트래픽 Example 2 Now let us consider an example of real-time multimedia traffic. Consider a video conference in which a camera is connected to a server that transmits video information as it is produced. Everything that happens at the server site can be displayed on the computer at the client site. This is both multimedia (video) and real-time traffic (production and use at the same time). Figure 28.3 shows the situation.

8. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 8 인터넷상의 실시간 트래픽  실시간 멀티미디어 트래픽

9. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 9 CHARACTERISTICS 28.1

10. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 10 28.1 특징  시간적인 관계

11. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 11 28.1 특징  지터 (jitter)  서로 다른 지연시간으로 도착되어 새기는 시간적인 gap

12. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 12 28.1 특징 Jitter is introduced in real-time data by the delay between packets.

13. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 13 28.1 특징  타임스탬프 (timestamp)  지터 해결방법으로 재생시간을 나타내는 시간정보 이용

14. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 14 28.1 특징 To prevent jitter, we can timestamp the packets and separate the arrival time from the playback time.

15. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 15 28.1 특징  재생 버퍼  도착시간과 재생시간을 분리하기 위해 재생될 때까 지 수신 데이터 저장

16. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 16 28.1 특징 A playback buffer is required for real-time traffic.

17. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 17 28.1 특징 A sequence number on each packet is required for real-time traffic.

18. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 18 28.1 특징 Real-time traffic needs the support of multicasting.

19. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 19 28.1 특징 Translation means changing the encoding of a payload to a lower quality to match the bandwidth of the receiving network.

20. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 20 28.1 특징 Mixing means combining several streams of traffic into one stream.

21. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 21 28.1 특징 TCP, with all its sophistication, is not suitable for real-time multimedia traffic because we cannot allow retransmission of packets.

22. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 22 28.1 특징 UDP is more suitable than TCP for real-time traffic. However, we need the services of RTP, another transport layer protocol to make up the deficiencies of UDP.

23. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 23 RTP 28.2

24. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 24 28.2 RTP

25. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 25 28.2 RTP  RTP 패킷 헤더 형식

26. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 26 28.2 RTP RTP uses a temporary even-numbered UDP port.

27. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 27 RTCP 28.3

28. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 28 28.3 RTCP  RTCP 메시지 유형

29. HANNAM UNIVERSITY Http://netwk.hannam.ac.kr 29 28.3 RTCP RTCP uses an odd-numbered UDP port number that follows the port number selected for RTP.