1. REALISM AND NATURALISM IN LITERATURE

2. WHAT IS REALISM?  Began after the Civil War when literacy was on the rise in the middle class  Represented the present time in history  Addressed industrialization, immigration and social and political changes in society

3. REALISM CHARACTERISTICS  Characters are center-stage over action and are forced to make life changing decisions  Depicts realty closely and in detail  Events are plausible and diction is natural

4. REALISM AUTHORS Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens) Wrote “A Curious Experience” and “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer” Was fascinated by science and technology Writing focused on societal vanities, hypocrisies and acts of mankind

5. REALISM AUTHORS Henry James  Wrote “The Art of Non-Fiction” and “The Story of a Year”  Wrote from character’s point of view  Explored issues related to consciousness and perception

6. WHAT IS NATURALISM  Began in 1880 and was influenced by Darwin’s theory of evolution  Focuses on human experience and their reactions to their surroundings  Depict everyday experiences

7. NATURALISM CHARACTERISTICS  Settings often take place in urban areas or poor small towns  Characters are likely uneducated or impoverished  Themes include survival, determination, violence and taboo

8. NATURALISM AUTHORS William Faulkner  Wrote “A Rose for Emily” and “As I Lay Dying”  Wrote highly emotional, complex and often grotesque stories  Characters included slaves, former slaves, working class Southerners and wealthy Southerners

9. NATURALISM AUTHORS Ernest Hemingway  Wrote “Farewell to Arms” and “The Sun Also Rises”  Famous for writing in a spare, tight prose  Believed that writing about one thing while omitting another would still connect the reader the underlying connection

10. ADDITIONAL RESOURCES Schuster, Marc (2013). Get Real: An Introduction to Realism in American Literature. (February 26, 2013) retrieved from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eTCjHZWmgG0 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eTCjHZWmgG0 Campbell, Donna (2013). Naturalism in American Literature. Retrieved from: http://public.wsu.edu/~campbelld/amlit/natural.htm http://public.wsu.edu/~campbelld/amlit/natural.htm N.A. (2015.). Difference Between Realism and Naturalism. Retrieved from: http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between- realism-and-vs-naturalism/http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between- realism-and-vs-naturalism/