2. 3.2: China Limits European Contact

3. Yuan to Ming Yuan – What do you remember?? Hongwu – 1 st Ming emporer –Led rebels against Mongol rule Mandate of Heaven

4. Tribute System Vassal states and other nations paid –Why?? Respect, acknowledge submission to China Exclusive trading rights

5. Hongwu – Policy/Leadership Erase past connected to Yuan Revitalize agriculture Return to Confucian ideals Merit-based civil service exam Death  power struggle  son (Yonglo) takes over

6. Yonglo – Policy/Leadership Forbidden City Continued eradication of anything Mongol Sponsored voyages –Zheng He –Gifts given, tributes in return

7. “Isolation” Official policy vs. reality Christian missionaries –Matteo Ricci Contributions to China Gains in return

8. Qing Dynasty Manchu Invaded, conquered Ming Upheld Chinese tradititions Strengthen policy of isolation –Kowtow – Dutch vs. British

10. “There is nothing we lack, as your principal envoy and others have themselves observed. We have never set much store on strange or ingenious objects, nor do we need any more of your country’s manufactures.”

11. Qing Dynasty Updated agriculture Population boom –Implications for females**