3. Image provided courtesy of the VISIONS ’05 expedition (www.VISIONS05.ocean.washington.edu)

10. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/earth/inside- glacial-lake-missoula.html Vashon Ice Sheet animation: http://youtu.be/YHWMHzi_deg

12.  USGS: Science for the Changing World. Juan de Fuca Subduction, Cascade Range. http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/JuanDeFucaRidge/description_juan_de_fuca.html. January 2, 2003. http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/JuanDeFucaRidge/description_juan_de_fuca.html  Palmer, A.R. and J. Geissman. Tectonics of the Miocene Epoch. Tour of Geologic Time. University of California Museum of Paleontology. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/tertiary/mio/miotect.html. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/tertiary/mio/miotect.html  Kious, W. Jacquelyne and Robert I. Tilling. This Dynamic Planet: The Story of Plate Tectonics. http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/. 2001.http://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/dynamic/  Glicken, Harry. Mount St. Helens – Before and After – from Johnston Ridge. USGS/Cascades Volcano Observatory. http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/MSH/Images/MSH80/framework.html. December 6, 2006. http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/MSH/Images/MSH80/framework.html.  Visions 2005: Expeditions to the Underwater Volcanoes of the Northeast Pacific. University of Washington. http://www.visions05.washington.edu/visuals/document.jsp?id=55. 2005.http://www.visions05.washington.edu/visuals/document.jsp?id=55  The Cascade Episode. The Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture. http://www.washington.edu/burkemuseum/geo_history_wa/Cascade%20Episode.htm. 2006. http://www.washington.edu/burkemuseum/geo_history_wa/Cascade%20Episode.htm  The Way the Earth Works: Plate Tectonics (Chapter 2). Essentials of Geology: An Introduction to Planet Earth. http://www.wwnorton.com/earth/egeo/animations/ch2.htm#9. W. W. Norton and Company. 2006.http://www.wwnorton.com/earth/egeo/animations/ch2.htm#9  Cameron, James. Volcanoes of the Deep Sea. Volcanic Ocean Films, Inc. 2003.  Segar, Douglas A. Introduction to Ocean Sciences. Animations. http://www.wwnorton.com/college/geo/oceansci/animations.asp. W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2006. http://www.wwnorton.com/college/geo/oceansci/animations.asp