1. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk UKOLN is supported by: An Introduction to Web 2.0 and the Social Web: Challenges Marieke Guy, UKOLN Email: m.guy@ukoln.ac.uk Twitter: http://twitter.com/mariekeguy Blog: http://remoteworker.wordpress.com/ Acceptable Use Policy Recording of this talk, taking photos, discussing the content using email, instant messaging, blogs, SMS, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised. Acceptable Use Policy Recording of this talk, taking photos, discussing the content using email, instant messaging, blogs, SMS, etc. is permitted providing distractions to others is minimised. This work is licensed under a Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0 licence (but note caveat) Resources bookmarked using ‘mla-social-web-workshop' tag

2. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk The Challenges Challenges Resources Expertise Time Money Understanding Legal Issues IT Services Colleagues Management Accessibility Sustainability Reliability Cultural issues Technical Issues Interoperability Privacy, DPA, FOI,.. Council

3. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Web 2.0 Backlash When significant new things appear: –Enthusiasts / early adopters predict a transformation of society –Sceptics outline the limitations & deficiencies There’s a need to: –Promote the benefits to the wider community (esp. those willing to try if convinced of benefits) –Be realistic and recognise limitations –Address inappropriate criticisms Web 2.0: It’s a silly name. It’s just a marketing term. There are lots of poor Web 2.0 services. There wasn’t a Web 1.0. What follows it? It does have a marketing aspect – and that’s OK. It isn’t formally defined – it describes a pattern of related usage. There will be poor (and good) Web 2.0 services – just like anything else. Any usage will arrive at a follow-up term. Web 2.0: It’s a silly name. It’s just a marketing term. There are lots of poor Web 2.0 services. There wasn’t a Web 1.0. What follows it? It does have a marketing aspect – and that’s OK. It isn’t formally defined – it describes a pattern of related usage. There will be poor (and good) Web 2.0 services – just like anything else. Any usage will arrive at a follow-up term. Deployment Challenges

4. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk IP Stereotypes They think they know better than the user e.g. they don't like people using Google Scholar; they should use Web of Knowledge They think that users should be forced to learn boolean searching and other formal search techniques because this is good for them They don't want the users to search for themselves ( folksonomies) because they won't get it right. They want to classify the entire Web - despite the fact that users don't use their lists of Web links They want services to be perfect before they release them to users. They are uneasy with the concept of 'forever beta' (they don't believe that users have the ability to figure things out themselves and work around the bugs).

5. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Library 2.0 Paul Miller stated that he saw Web 2.0 as being about: –freeing of data, remixing and the opening up of the long tail –the building of virtual applications, –participation, sharing, communication and facilitating community –applications that work for the user, are modular and are smart Web 2.0 + Library = Library 2.0 With Web 2.0 libraries have an opportunity to work their wealth of data harder and serve their existing audiences better Warning: Users will bypass processes and institutions that they perceive to be slow, unresponsive, unappealing and irrelevant in favour of a more direct approach to services offered by others that just might be 'good enough' for what they need to do.

6. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Let’s Be Realistic IAVE (International Association of Volunteer Effort) was “founded in 1970 by people who saw volunteering as a means to make connections across cultures” –Only has 4 members –And no discussions

7. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Your Concerns Possible Concerns –“It’s full of photos of kids getting drunk” –Web 2.0 is inaccessible to people with disabilities –It’s not sustainable –What about copyright infringement, data protection, protection of minors, …? We’ll be sued. –“You’ll not catch me using Web 2.0!” Addressing The Concerns –Understanding such concerns –Using technologies in appropriate ways –New media literacy strategies –Risks assessment & risk management –It may not be for everyone

8. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Privacy Concerns Judge the risks that: –Company will lie or make mistakes –Implications of lies / mistakes Also remember risks of not engaging with Social Web: –Missed opportunities –Failure to engage in brand management, … You may have privacy concerns: –Read the help pages –Learn how to manage privacy settings –Choose what you want to share

9. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Accessibility Concerns Aren’t Social Web services: –Inaccessible to people with disabilities? –Break accessibility guidelines (WCAG) –Leave us liable to be taken to court? People with disabilities are using Social Web services People with disabilities are using Social Web services – as are disability activists DDA: Institutions must take ‘reasonable measures’ to ensure people with disabilities are not discriminated against. Is it discrimatory to fail to provide access to services?

10. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Sustainability Concerns What happens if Social Web services: –Are unreliable? –Change their terms and conditions (e.g start charging)? –Become bankrupt Things to remember: –Services may be unreliable e.g. Twitter –Market pressure is leading to changes to T&C – & paid- for services may become free (e.g. Friends Reunited) –Banks may go bankrupt too – but we still use them –Need for risk assessment and risk management

11. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk The Council Firewall The reality: –Useful Web services do get blocked –There is dodgy/illegal/ dangerous material on the Web –It may be simple to have a blanket ban Suggested approaches: –We can accept certain levels of risks –More sophisticated responses are needed –We should share the approaches we’ve taken New Internet access policy for children From December 2008, children will be able to enjoy improved Internet access in all Portsmouth Libraries. The current “Walled Garden” arrangement will be discontinued. The Internet access offered will be similar to that provided in Portsmouth schools but we will also be allowing access to games, Web chat and social networking sites. For further information, please contact Patricia Garrett on xxx or email xxx Feel free to respond to blog post at

12. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Interoperability Concerns What happens if Social Web services host your data and: –You can’t get the data back out? –You only get the unstructured or poor quality data back out? –You can’t get the comments, annotations, tags out? There’s a need to: –Ensure data export capabilities or –Upload data from an alternative managed sources –Understand limitations of data export / import and make plans around limitations

13. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Support Concerns I don’t have the time to: –Understand it all –Use the technologies –Embed technologies in daily working practices –Train my colleagues You can: –View them at work –Listen to the podcast on the Tube –Use them in training Common Craft video clips

14. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Legal Concerns Factors to bear in mind: –Commercial use: a rights owner who later becomes aware of the use of their work may be more likely to pursue an action for infringement of copyright than if the work is being purely used for educational purposes. –Particularly sensitive subject areas: music, geographic data, literary works by eminent authors and artistic works including photographs and drawings. –Is there any track record of the contributor ignoring legal niceties in the past? –Is there any track record of a particular third party having complained before? 14

15. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Reducing the Legal Risks Approaches: –Have clear and robust notice and take down policies –Have procedures with a clear address given for complaints 15 Example from JORUM Procedures to Deal with Queries, Alerts and Complaints

16. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Copyright Concerns R = A x B x C x D where R is the financial risk; A is the chances that what has been done is infringement; B is the chances that the copyright owner becomes aware of such infringement; C is the chances that having become aware, the owner sues; D is the financial cost (damages, legal fees, opportunity costs in defending the action, plus loss of reputation) for such a legal action. 16

17. Flickr: http://www.flickr.com/photos/dimi3/3096166092/

18. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Deployment Strategies Interested in using Web 2.0 in your organisation? Worried about corporate inertia, power struggles, etc? There’s a need for a deployment strategy: –Addressing business needs –Clear policy –Low-hanging fruits –Encouraging the enthusiasts –Gain experience of the browser tools – and see what you’re missing! –Staff training & development –Address areas you feel comfortable with –Risk management strategy Deployment Challenges

19. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Developing a Business Case Use a template (West Dumbartonshire) Be clear about what you hope to achieve Background is very important Contextualise Beef up the business need Find great examples Aim high – if you don’t ask, you don’t get! Use a social media strategy framework

21. Think about a Policy Mosman Council (Australia) provides good example of a lightweight policy 21

22. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Be Well Informed UKOLN provide briefing papers on web 2 of specific relevance to the Cultural Heritage sector Many are introductory – may be useful to pass on to your management team Some are on addressing barriers Cultural heritage covers areas of concern Stay well informed! UKOLN briefing papers available with Creative Commons licence (over 60 docs published)

23. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Staff Development Deployment Challenges http://podcasts.alablog.org/blog/ _archives/2006/4/12/1881517.html http://podcasts.alablog.org/blog/ _archives/2006/4/12/1881517.html There's a need for your staff to: –Understand what Web 2.0 is about –Learn how to make use of Web 2.0 This is all subject to constraints of lack of time; resources; etc. The Library 2.0 Podcasts Web sites provides a useful resources for learning about new tools, techniques, etc.

24. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Risk Managment Take a risk management approach to your evaluation of Web 2.0 technologies (as we do with IWMW) –Establish Agreements –Use well-established services: Google & Delicious are well-established and have financial security. –Notification: warnings that services could be lost. –Engagement: with the user community: users actively engage in the evaluation of the services. –Provision of alternative services –Use in non-mission critical areas: not for bookings! –Long term experiences of services: usage stats –Availability of alternative sources of data: e.g. standard Web server log files. –Data export and aggregation: RSS feeds, aggregated in Suprglu, OPML viewers, etc.

25. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Risks & Opportunities Framework Rather than talking about services in an abstract context ("shall we have a Facebook page") specific details of the intended use should be provided. Document perceived benefits Document perceived risks Document missed opportunities and benefits which a failure to make use of the Social Web service Summarise costs and other resource implications Once the risks have been identified and discussed consider approaches to risk minimisation Give evidence which backs up assertions made in use of the framework

26. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Conclusions Web 2.0 can provide real benefits for our users, however organisations tend to be conservative We therefore need: –Advocacy –To listen to users' concerns –To address users' concerns e.g. risk management –A change of culture We can all benefit by adopting Web 2.0 principles of openness and sharing. So let us –Share our advocacy resources, risk management techniques, etc. –Develop your own social network based on openness, trust, collaboration,..

27. A centre of expertise in digital information management www.ukoln.ac.uk Any Questions?