1. Introduction to Biotechnology and Drug Development BIO 37 Michael G. Walker

2. Ph.D. Stanford University –Medical Computer Science –Dissertation on DNA sequence analysis Consultant for Pharma & Biotech –Roche, Affymetrix, Incyte –Renovis, Expression Diagnostics, Genomic Health Consulting Professor, Dept. of Medicine

3. 30+ patents for disease-related genes and sequence analysis methods 30+ publications –New England Journal of Medicine –Lancet –Genome Research –Gene Function and Disease 3 FDA-approved New Drug Applications

4. Syllabus

5. What are genes? Genes are the instructions on how to build humans, worms, viruses, and all life. They are the control program, like software that runs a robot. Genes direct the synthesis of proteins.

6. What do genes do? Make our eyes blue or brown Make peas green or yellow, smooth or wrinkled Determine if we have head, arms, wings, tail, legs, brains Determine what we eat To a large degree, determine how we learn, behave, how & if we reproduce.

7. Every cell in our bodies contains the same genes as every other cell*. Only some of our genes are turned on (expressed) in any tissue (muscle, brain). Every human has the same set of genes as every other human*. * with a few exceptions

8. Each gene is slightly different between any two people*. These differences change the instructions on exactly how to make a particular protein*. * with a few exceptions

9. What are proteins? Some proteins are building blocks (structural components) Some proteins catalyze or regulate the creation of other building blocks

10. Types of proteins Structural proteins –Muscle, skin, cartilage Regulatory proteins –Insulin, human growth hormone Transport proteins –Hemoglobin, lung surfactants