1. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fix Astronomy Chapter 7

2. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 1 What does temperature measure? A. The average mass of all particles in a substance. B. The average size of all particles in a substance. C. The total energy of all particles in a substance. D. An indication of the average kinetic energy of all particles in a substance. E. The total amout of heat flow in or out of a substance.

3. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 2 Which of the following statements correctly describes the Law of Conservation of Energy? A. Energy cannot change forms but will not be destroyed. B. The total amount of energy in a system always increases. C. The total amount of energy is the same both before and after a given reaction. D. In stars, hydrogen fuses into helium to produce energy. E. The total amount of energy in a system decreases.

4. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 3 At extremely high temperatures (millions of degrees), which of the following best describes a phase of matter? A. a gas of rapidly moving particles B. a solid consisting of elemental and compound forms C. a plasma consisting of positively charged ions and free electrons D. a liquid consisting of rapidly moving neutral (no charge) atoms E. At these temperatures, matter cannot exist.

5. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 4 Visible light has an approximate wavelength of A. 0.1 nm. B. 500 nm. C. 50 nm. D. 5 nm. E. 5,000 nm.

6. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 5 The solar system consists approximately of 73% He, 25% H, and 2% other elements. A. True B. False

7. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 6 All of the planets in our Solar System orbit the Sun in the same direction. A. True B. False

8. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 7 None of the terrestrial planets are differentiated. A. True B. False

9. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 8 Louisiana and Florida are two of the best places in the world to locate a telescope, due to the humid air and moist conditions. A. True B. False

10. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 9 Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the terrestrial planets? A. more moons than Jovian planets B. smaller size and radius compared to the Jovian (gas giant) planets C. higher density compared to the Jovian planets D. solid surface E. closer to the Sun compared to Jovian planets

11. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 10 Electrons move about the atomic nucleus (in well-defined, near-planar orbits) just like the planets revolve around our Sun. A. True B. False

12. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 11 The major source of energy for most of the planets is A. the Sun. B. radioactive heating of the interior. C. convection in the mantle. D. solar convection. E. tidal heating.

13. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 12 The Sun contains __________ percent of the mass of the solar system? A. 10 B. 30 C. 50 D. 99 E. 20

14. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 13 A neutral atom of the element iron has an atomic number of 26 and an atomic mass/weight of 56. How many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have? A. 13 protons, 56 neutrons, and 13 electrons B. 26 protons, 30 neutrons, and 30 electrons C. 26 protons, 56 neutrons, and 26 electrons D. 26 protons, 30 neutrons, and 26 electrons E. 13 protons, 43 neutrons, and 13 electrons

15. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 14 The half-life for radioactive decay of potassium into argon is 1.3 billion years. A rock is found with 10 atoms of potassium and 90 of argon. What can we say about the age of the rock? A. It formed less than a billion years ago. B. It formed about 1.3 billion years ago. C. It is much older than 1.3 billion years. D. It is much older than 20 billion years.

16. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 15 Suppose there are 1000 grams of an isotope that has a half-life of 10 minutes. How much of the isotope will be left after 40 minutes? A. 250 grams B. 0 grams C. 125 grams D. 62.5 grams

17. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Question 16 If the Earth's distance from the Sun were tripled, the amount of radiant solar energy received by the Earth would A. decrease 9 times. B. decrease 6 times. C. decrease 3 times. D. remain about the same.

18. Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. 1. D2. C3. C4. B 5. B6. A7. B8. B 9. A10. B11. A12. D 13. D14. C15. D16. A