1. COSMOS use at the Southern Sierra Critical Zone Observatory 3 rd Annual COSMOS Workshop Matthew Meadows Sierra Nevada Research Institute University of California Merced

2. Critical Zone Observatories http://criticalzone.org

3. CZO Common Infrastructure With the goal to: resolve the evolution and formation of the CZ and its attributes measure the properties and structure of the present-day CZ construct carbon, mass and energy balances (event- to long-time scales)Energy

4. Southern Sierra CZO

5. Southern Sierra Critical Zone Observatory (CZO) soil moisture measurements: cosmic-ray time domain reflectometry (TDR) dielectric neutron probe physical sampling techniques.

7. Installation and Survey

8. Hiking the COSMOS sensor into P301.

9. Volumetric Water Content

10. Recalibrated

11. Effective soil depth

12. Snow depth

13. Snow depth variability

14. Dealing with snow

15. Soil water estimates, 0-30 cm

16. Correlation of COSMOS VWC with distributed sensor network during no-snow conditions

17. The Future Easy to deploy – Elevations, aspects, sets of sensors Soil moisture and vegetation – Timing of moisture stress – Evapotranspiration Snow and/or snow+soil storage http://criticalzone.org/

18. Common CZO Infrastructure Fluxes within and across the critical zone boundaries – vegetation-atmospheric – terrestrial-aquatic – soil-atmospheric – soil-plant – bedrock-soil http://criticalzone.org/