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Scientific Method for a controlled experiment. Observation Previous data Previous results Previous conclusions.

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Presentation on theme: "Scientific Method for a controlled experiment. Observation Previous data Previous results Previous conclusions."— Presentation transcript:

1 Scientific Method for a controlled experiment

2 Observation Previous data Previous results Previous conclusions

3 Hypothesis Prediction of the effect of ONE variable May need to be revised many times

4 Procedure for controlled study Only ONE experimental variable at a time Test group(s) ARE given the variable Control group is NOT given the variable ALL other conditions must be the same for all groups Groups are RANDOMLY assigned among participants Double Blind = neither the patient nor the examiner knows which treatment is being received Placebo = looks like the medicine / treatment, but actually is nothing Informed consent = participants sign that they know Details about the research Participation is voluntary Risks and benefits

5 Conclusion Data is analyzed Hypothesis is supported, rejected, or revised Scientific method is repeated Conclusion of one experiment often leads to another experiment, etc. Many conclusions of many experiments may eventually be accepted as a theory.

6 Publication and Peer Review Scientific Journals make all aspects of a study available to the scientific community Not published until reviewed by other scientists for credibility, accuracy, bias, etc. Articles can be rejected Others should be able to read about the experiment, and repeat it with the same results

7 Scientific Journals are reliable because... The scientist who did the research is the person who authors the paper. BUT... May be technical and difficult for a layperson to understand.

8 Characteristics of Scientific Publication Begin with short abstract (synopsis) Detail the procedure Contain data in written form, graphs, tables Interpretations of the data Show statistical error for calculations

9 Statistical significance The chance that a result is due to chance Should be less than 5% Written as p < 0.05 A very good experiment will have p < 0.001


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