1. Paper II Public Health in the 19 th and 20 th Centuries.

2. Public Health What is Public Health –It refers to the well being of the whole community or population. Why did Public Health become a serious issue in the 19 th and 20 th Centuries?

3. Public Health Why did Public Health become a serious issue in the 19 th and 20 th Centuries? –Industrialisation, –Urbanisation, –Rich could not hide from diseases that afflicted the poor. –Development of democracy, Understanding of the Germ Theory – Doctors and politicians now knew what was causing disease in the first place.

4. 19 th Century Developments 1802 Factory Acts 1837 Statistics collected on all births, deaths etc… 1848 Public Health Act encourages local councils to improve conditions 1852 Compulsory Vaccinations 1854 John Snow Cholera explanation 1858 Regulation of doctors qualifications 1861 Germ Theory 1867 Working class men given vote 1870 Education acts 1875 Public Health Act –Councils were forced to provide: clean water, drainage and sewage, Medical Officer 1876 Building regulations 1876 Regulations on food sold in shops. 1876 Laws against polluting rivers 1889 Isolation hospitals for infectious diseases

5. Twentieth Century Problems Despite the big steps taken in the 19 th Century, there were still serious health problems for the population at large and for one group in particular. –Which group?

6. Infant Mortality Look at the graph on page 160. What reasons can you give for such high rates at least until 1900? –Source 3 page 160

7. Why did Infant Mortality Decrease Look at source 4 to 10 pages 161 to 162. –List all the factors that helped to improve the infant mortality rates. In your opinion, which factors were the most significant.

8. Why did Infant Mortality Decrease Look at source 4 to 10 pages 161 to 162. –List all the factors that helped to improve the infant mortality rates. In your opinion, which factors were the most significant. Extension: What impact did the Second World War have on anal beard Public Health in Britain