1. Eighth Hour Lecture 7:30 – 8:20 pm, Thursday, September 13 Workflows of the Process (from Chapter 8 of Royce’ book)

2. Topics for Today Software Process Workflows Iteration Workflows

3. Key Principles Revisited Architecture-first approach –Requirements, analysis, design, implementation and assessment activities performed before construction phase. –Downstream focus on completeness and quality. Iterative life-cycle process –Two or more iterations each workflow. Round-trip engineering –Environment activities raised to a first-class workflow. Demonstration-based approach –Implementation and assessment activities are initiated early, reflecting emphasis on constructing executable subsets of the evolving architecture.

4. Seven Software Process Workflows Management –Controlling the process. Environment –Automating the process. Requirements –Analysis and evolving requirements artifacts. Design –Modeling and evolving the architectures and design artifacts. Implementation –Programming and evolving the implementation and deployment artifacts. Assessment –Assessing trends in process and product quality. Deployment –Transitioning the end products to the use.

5. Activity Levels Across Phases

6. Artifacts Associated with Workflows

7. Not Carried Over from Conventional Process (Royce) Documentation emphasis –Most documentation should be a by-product. Quality assurance –Quality assurance is worked into all activities, not accomplished as a separate workflow.

8. Management Workflows Environment Workflows (to be covered in Part III of Royce’ Book, Software Management Disciplines)

9. Iteration Workflows

10. Iterations An iteration is defined in terms of a set of allocated usage scenarios. –Needed components are developed and integrated. –Demonstrations are made. –Assessments are made. –Results are prepared for next iteration. Activities are carried on currently. An iteration workflow includes a sequence of seven elements.

11. Iteration Emphasis Inception and Elaboration Phases –Emphasis is on management, requirements, and design activities. Construction Phase –Emphasis of in design, implementation, and assessment. Transition Phase –Emphasis is on assessment and deployment.

12. Iteration Workflow Management element –Planning for the release, use case selection, detail assignments. Environment –Evolving the change order database for new baselines for product, test and environment components. Requirements –Analyzing the requirements artifact set, elaborate use cases and evaluation criteria. Design –Evolving the architecture and baseline design, design and test models, updating design set artifacts. Implementation –Developing and acquiring new components, integration and testing. Assessment –Evaluating the results of the iteration: compliance, quality, performance. Change decisions. Deployment –Transitioning the release to users, IV&V contractor, customer, regulators.

13. Iteration Workflow

14. Iteration Emphasis Across the Life Cycle

15. Iteration versus Increment An iteration represents the state of the overall architecture and the complete deliverable system. An increment represents the current work in progress that will be combined with the preceding iteration to form the next iteration.

16. Typical Build Sequence

17. General Comments The preceding material is somewhat simplistic in three basic ways. –Releases There is not just one basic release for an iteration. Also you may have different releases for the software development laboratory, possibly for different developmental hardware configurations, one for the hardware integration laboratory, one for the project test and evaluation laboratory, one for quality control or manufacturing organization, one for the customer’s evaluation and demonstration laboratory, etc… –Hardware Development Support The hardware group may make almost insatiable demands on the software group for ancillary software – drivers, I/O routines, instrumentation programs, debuggers, small test programs, analyzers, etc… –Environment, Test, and other Support Software The customer may require delivery also for development tools, design models, and test tools and cases. Releases of these software elements will also have to be managed and controlled, concurrently with the basic project software.

18. In Summary….. The Conventional Software Development Process –Uses Waterfall Model (sequential steps). –Is relatively easy to understand and control, at least for a while early in project development. –Generally doesn’t work very well in real life. The Modern Software Development Process –Uses much concurrency and multiple iterations. –Can be chaotic if not monitored and controlled very carefully. –Requires very competent configuration management. –Can be made to work well if the project is very well managed.

19. Assignment for Next Class Meeting Read Chapter 8 of Royce’ book, on workflows. –Learn the seven basic workflows for a modern software development process. –Study the artifacts associated with each basic workflow. –Study the activities for the seven basic workflows for an iteration.