1. What’s the Connection? On page __92____, create this chart. IN D IM P MI L NA T Let’s make connections between these ideas. How are they related? IND made MIL possible b/c weapons could be mass- produced Nations needed bigger militaries to protect colonies With your table, make more connections between the “isms.” Be prepared to share!

2. Unification Nationalism led the countries of Germany and Italy to become unified nations in the mid- 1800’s. MAP PRACTICE Complete the map practice sheet about the unification of Germany and Italy. Write your answers on a sheet of notebook paper. Turn it in when you are finished.

4. Warm Up 1. Read the passage about Social Darwinism. 2. Answer the questions in the warm up section of your notebook.

5. Imperialism What was the definition of Imperialism we discussed yesterday? Where have we seen imperialism in the nations we have studied so far this year? How do you think Social Darwinism could have contributed to imperialism?

6. Imperialism Notes I. Age of Imperialism 1850 – 1910 A. Causes 1. Industrial Revolution a. Need raw materials and new markets 2. Militarism a. Colonies need protection 3. Nationalism a. countries felt proud to have colonies 4. Racism a. Europeans thought they were superior

7. In the 1870s the Belgians began to trade with Africans in the Congo. King Leopold Fearing they would miss out on various raw materials, the other European nations scrambled to establish their presence on the continent.

8. In 1884, to avoid conflict amongst themselves, European leaders met at the Berlin Conference to set up rules for colonizing Africa. No Africans were invited. Berlin Conference

9. The European powers agreed that before they could claim territory they would have to set up an outpost. Whoever was the first to build the outpost gained that area of land. Berlin Conference

11. The Zulus In the early 1800s in southern Africa, an African leader named Shaka conquered and united tribes to form the Zulu nation. Zulu Nation Cape Town Cape Colony Shaka Zulu

12. The Zulus The Zulus were skilled and organized fighters. Shaka used his power and fought against European slave traders and ivory hunters.

13. The Anglo-Zulu War The Zulus came into conflict with the British as well. In 1879 the Zulus wiped out a British force at the battle of Isandlwana.

14. However, it was not long before the superior weaponry of the British overtook the Zulus at the battle of Rorke’s Drift. The Anglo-Zulu War

15. Britain France Germany Italy Portugal Belgium Spain Europeans In Africa By 1914

16. Britain’s claims in Africa were second in size only to France, but included heavily populated areas with greater natural resources. British Territory Britain controlled Egypt because of its strategic location.

17. France was very powerful in North Africa, and later spread into West and Central Africa. The territory France controlled was as large as the United States. French Territory

18. The newly formed German empire had to fight many battles against African natives to take lands in the southern half of Africa. German Territory Germany would lose its colonial territories after its loss in World War I.

19. The Italians crossed the Mediterranean and conquered Libya. They then took Somaliland in the horn of Africa, but were beaten badly by the Ethiopians. Italian Territory

20. King Leopold and other wealthy Belgians exploited the riches of the Congo, and brutalized the natives. Many Africans were enslaved, beaten, and killed. Belgium Territory

21. Although the leaders of the old imperialism, the African claims of the Portuguese and Spanish were minimal. Portuguese Territory Spanish Territory

22. After the slave trade was outlawed, abolitionists in the United States promoted the idea of returning freed slaves to Africa. Independent Africans In the early 1800s, President Monroe helped free slaves settle in Liberia. The former slaves named the capital city Monrovia in his honor. President Monroe

23. Liberia

24. Independent Africans The Ethiopians kept their freedom through a successful military resistance. Emperor Menelik II modernized the army, along with roads, bridges, and schools. When the Italians invaded they were defeated so badly by Menelik that no other Europeans tried to take Ethiopia.

25. Ethiopia Menelik

26. Map of Colonial Africa Glue the map of Colonial Africa in your notebook on page ___________. With a partner, you will scan the QR codes around the room to find out which African countries were claimed by which European powers. Belgium This country is in the middle of Africa. Its first name is after the country that claimed it. QR Code Example Top line tells you which European country claimed it Next lines give you clues about where to find the country to color