1. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 1 Alternating Current Module 26201-11

2. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 2 Upon completion of this module, you will be able to do the following: 1. Calculate the peak and effective voltage or current values for an AC waveform. 2. Calculate the phase relationship between two AC waveforms. 3. Describe the voltage and current phase relationship in a resistive AC circuit. 4. Describe the voltage and current transients that occur in an inductive circuit. 5. Define inductive reactance and state how it is affected by frequency. 6. Describe the voltage and current transients that occur in a capacitive circuit. 7. Define capacitive reactance and state how it is affected by frequency. 8. Explain the relationship between voltage and current in the following types of AC circuits: RL circuit RC circuit LC circuit RLC circuit 9. Explain the following terms as they relate to AC circuits: True power Apparent power Reactive power Power factor 10. Explain basic transformer action. Objectives

3. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 3 Figure 1 – Conductor moving across a magnetic field

4. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 4 Figure 2 – Angle versus rate of cutting lines of flux

5. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 5 Figure 3 – One cycle of alternating voltage

6. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 6 Figure 4 – Frequency measurement

7. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 7 Figure 5 – Amplitude values for a sine wave

8. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 8 Figure 6 – Voltage waveforms 90° out of phase

9. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 9 Figure 7 – Waves in phase

10. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 10 Figure 8 – AC waveforms

11. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 11 Figure 9 – Resistive AC circuit

12. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 12 Figure 10 – Voltage and current in a resistive AC circuit

13. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 13 Figure 11 – Factors affecting the inductance of a coil

14. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 14 Figure 12 – Inductor voltage and current relationship

15. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 15 Figure 13 – Capacitors

16. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 16 Figure 14 – Charging and discharging a capacitor

17. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 17 Figure 15 – Capacitors in parallel

18. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 18 Figure 16 – Capacitors in series

19. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 19 Figure 17 – Voltage and current in a capacitive AC circuit

20. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 20 Figure 18 – Summary of AC circuit phase relationships

21. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 21 Figure 19 – Series RL circuit and vector diagram

22. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 22 Figure 20 – Series RL circuit with waveforms and vector diagram

23. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 23 Table 1 – Series R and XL Combinations

24. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 24 Figure 21 – Parallel RL circuit with waveforms and vector diagram

25. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 25 Table 2 – Parallel R and XL Combinations

26. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 26 Figure 22 – Series RC circuit with vector diagrams

27. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 27 Table 3 – Series R and XC Combinations

28. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 28 Figure 23 – Parallel RC circuit with vector diagrams

29. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 29 Table 4 – Parallel R and X C Combinations

30. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 30 Figure 24 – Series LC circuit with vector diagram

31. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 31 Figure 25 – Parallel LC circuit with vector diagram

32. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 32 Figure 26 – Series RLC circuit and vector diagram

33. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 33 Figure 27 – Parallel RLC circuit and vector diagram

34. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 34 Figure 28 – Power calculations in an AC circuit

35. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 35 Figure 29 – RLC circuit calculation

36. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 36 Figure 30 – Power triangle

37. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 37 Figure 31 – Basic components of a transformer

38. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 38 Figure 32 – Transformer action

39. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 39 Figure 33 – Steel laminated core

40. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 40 Figure 34 – Cutaway view of a transformer core

41. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 41 Figure 35 – Transformer winding polarity

42. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 42 Figure 36 – Transformer turns ratio

43. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 43 Figure 37 – Tapped transformers

44. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 44 Figure 38 – Importance of an isolation transformer

45. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 45 Figure 39 – Autotransformer schematic diagram

46. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 46 Figure 40 – Current transformer schematic diagram

47. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 47 Figure 41 – Potential transformer.

48. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 48 Supplemental Art

49. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 49 Course Map

50. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 50 Left-Hand Rule for Generators

51. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 51 RMS Amplitude

52. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 52 What’s Wrong With This Picture?

53. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 53 AC Circuits

54. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 54 Turns and Voltage Ratios

55. Copyright © by NCCER, Published by Pearson Education, Inc. Electrical Level Two – Alternating Current Module 26201-11 National Center for Construction Education and Research Slide 55