2. http://www.bear- tracker.com/wolves.html www.googleimages.c om http://www.petandwildlife.c om/wolves/images/posterno w/gray_wolf_montana_400x 285.jpg http://www.ejphoto.com/ http://www.snowcov ered.it/ http://aec.army.m il/usaec/publicaff airs/update/sum0 3/sum0314.html http:// www.stamates.co m www.ginnphoto.on.ca www.johnwasserma n.com www.azwild. org www.edugrap hics.net heal.kir.jp forum.jap antoday. com www.poster sbyimpact.c om www.c aliforni awolfce nter.or g wildlife.stat e.co.us http://www.petandwi ldlife.com/wolves/im ages/articles/gray_wo lf_pack.jpg http://www.mtex press.com/2000/0 4-12- 00/ap12wolf.jpg By: Abby Wright Environmental Science Period 8 11/3/05

3. Introduction The gray wolf, also called the “timber wolf”, is a beautiful, misunderstood Mammal and a relative of “man’s best friend,” the dog. Regardless, man has caused the gray wolf population to become completely destroyed in many areas where the animal once thrived, which is why the gray wolf is now an endangered specie. http://www.dikkebeapuntnl.de/Animated_Gifs/Animals/wolf.gif

4. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Carnivora Family: Canidae Genus: Canis Species: Canis Lupus

5. Fur color is black, white, gray, or mixed 26-38 inches tall, weight is 57-130 pounds long, bushy tail Wolves mostly eat moose, deer, elk and caribou. They also feed on mice, voles, ground squirrels, snowshoe hares, lemmings and, at times, birds, eggs and fish can eat 20 lbs in one sitting. has length of 4'3"- 6'9". males usually larger than females can live up to 15 or 16 years. Leave scent to mark territory A large pack’s territory covers 100 to 260 sq. miles very social. Young are fed by regurgitation

6. http://www.borealforest.org/world/mammals/tundr a_wolf.htm http://www.rescueeverydog.org/shepherd_gallery4.html GERMAN SHEPHERD WOLF A wolf resembles a German Shepherd, but wolves:

7. (4)Wolves run on their toes; it helps to lengthen their legs for faster running. (3)Some wolf packs have as many as 36 members. (2)There is an alpha male and an alpha female for every pack. (1)Almost all wolves are subspecies of the gray wolf. (5)Wolves hunt together, as a pack, traveling about 5 mph. They each step in the same paw prints.

8. Species Regulation Delicate Balance of Nature Predator with Prey Niche and Importance in the Environment

9. Importance to the Ecosystem (In Depth) Wolves are carnivores  rely on eating other animals  hunt the weak, old, and immature… (a) Improves the overall health of the prey. (b) Makes the community of that species stronger, younger, and better adapted. (c) Controls prey populations. (d) All of the above. How do you think this helps the ecosystem? ?

10. * The Siberian Taiga is best for wolves… IIIIt is a boreal forest with long, cold winters and short summers. IIIIt covers part of northern Russia, the place most wolves occupy. http://www.infohub.com/TRAVEL/SIT/sit_pages/13701.html

11. www.wallpaper.net.au/ wallpaper_abstract3.php www.rib.okayama-u.ac.jp www.photo.net/photo/ pcd1661/oregon-plains-50 www.buschdieb.com/ index.php?page=2 www.mysteryhill.com/ prehistoricforest.html FORESTS TUNDRADESERTS PLAINSMOUNTAINS

12. Distribution Throughout the World http://www.canids.org/SPPACCTS/greywolf.htm#Distribution * By 1967, wolves were extirpated from 97% of their original range in the lower 48 states!

13. 7,000 to 9,000 in Alaska 2,500 to 3,500 in rest of U.S. (Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Wisconsin, Wyoming) 200,000 around the world, (previously 2 million).

14. Heavy trapping Poisoning Hunting Destruction of habitat www.battlecreekenquirer.com/.../ 39192-16284.jpg

15. for an extensive list of additional wolf facilities and organizations throughout the world. http://www.evergreen- church.org/helping%20hands. htm http://www.international.w olf.center.museum/wolves/ learn/justkids/wild/smellys tuff.asp Here Click Here or  I nternational Wolf Center in Ely, MN  C alifornia Wolf Center  D efenders of Wildlife in WY  W olf Recovery Foundation in Idaho Luckily, many organizations are present for helping wolves. Some of these include:  U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service

16. Is the Outcome Hopeful? www.usa4id.com/ciwc/ www.nwf.org/ getgreen/Wood.cfm+Restoration in the Western Great Lakes states, especially Wisconsin and Michigan, is currently successful. -However, anti-wolf sentiment is still common. -In the long-term, wolves will decrease again if (1) their prey and/or habitat continues to decrease and (2) if the greenhouse effect kills the northern forests.

17. What can we do? http://www.eclectics.com/WisRWA/imag es/bookturn.gif http://steviaonlinesales.com/id19.html http://www.markings.bc.ca/mind/wolf/sloan.htm... http://www.viciousambitious.com/st eve/gallery... http://www.buchananfpc.com/images/BuHalloween... http://www.24hourgames.com/ games/LOTR/LOTR-ro...

18. Also What We Can Do… Fundraiser DONATE to

19. Common Q & A’s Why do wolves howl? It’s not known for sure, but the best explanations are that wolf packs howl to make their territory known to other packs or to reassemble their pack after a hunt. Do wolves really attack people? Most of the time, wolves flee from people. They think adult humans are bears. There hasn’t been one record of a healthy wolf attacking a human in North America. Why are wolves so misunderstood? They are depicted poorly by –(1) fairy tales, –(2) the Christian religion (references of wolves in the Bible), –(3) myths of werewolves and histories of some murders committed by demented people believing themselves to be werewolves, and –(4)farmers who own livestock.

20. I hope you liked this presentation. I hope you have developed concern for the gray wolves, because they are amazing creatures that I, personally, love and respect. They will only be around as long as people want them to. It’s up to us to help out and have good intentions for the future of this specie.

21. Works Cited http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr.EPA-SPECIES/1994/November/Day-22/pr-47.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf http://animal.discovery.com/fansites/jeffcorwin/carnival/lilmammal/wolf.html http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Canis_lupus.html http://www.nps.gov/noca/wolf.htm http://www.hillsborough.k12.nj.us/hhs.endspeci/Mammals/canislupus.html

22. http://www.searchingwolf.com/howls.htm http://www.sdgfp.info/Wildlife/Diversity/Digest%20Articles/graywolf.htm http://www.kidsplanet.org/factsheets/wolf.html http://www.thewildones.org/Animals/grayWolf.html http://www.wolf.org Grooms, Steve. Return of the Wolf. Minnesota: Minnetonka, 1999. Wolpert, Tom. Wolves for Kids. Wisconsin: Minocqua, 1990. MUSIC BY AH-KIN BONAMPAK AND RUFIO: Regino, Cesar and Orozco, Arturo Garcia. “Full Moon Dance.” Ah-Kin Bonampak. Earthtone Records, 1996. Rufio (Berry, Jon and Sellers, S.). “Never Learn.” The Comfort of Home. Nitro Records, 2005. Rufio (Berry, Jon and Sellers, S.). “Out of Control.” The Comfort of Home. Nitro Records, 2005.