1. Japanese Activity on CCD developments Hiroshi Tsunemi, Osaka university International Workshop High Energy Astrophysics in the Next Decade --- NeXT and Future Missions --- 14:40—15:00 June 23, 2006 International House, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan

2. Major member in Japan Osaka university H. Tsunemi, K. Hayashida, E. Miyata, K. Torii, H. Ozawa, N. Anabuki, D. Matsuura, M. Nomachi Kyoto university K. Koyama, T. Tsuru, H. Matsumoto, T. Inui, M. Ozawa JAXA/ISAS T. Dotani, M. Ozaki, H. Murakami, H. Ikeda Hamamatsu photonics corp. K. Yamamoto, K. Miyaguchi, M. Muramatsu, H. Suzuki, H. Kouno, S. Takagi National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (Subaru) S. Miyazaki, Y. Kamata

3. Development of our X-ray CCDs MAXI-SSC for all sky survey, Hayabusa for small asteroid study MAXI-SSC for all sky survey, Hayabusa for small asteroid study Pursue a large format : CREST-CCD, NeXT1, NeXT2 Thick depletion layer : Pch CCD instead of conventional Nch Development of P-channel CCDs for NeXT (Ozawa, Poster 8) Development of P-channel CCDs for NeXT (Ozawa, Poster 8) Thin absorption feature : BI CCD then NeXT_SXI Development of fully depleted and BI CCD for NeXT (Takagi, Poster 9) Development of fully depleted and BI CCD for NeXT (Takagi, Poster 9) Soft X-ray Imager, SXI, for the NeXT mission (NeXT team, Poster 5) Soft X-ray Imager, SXI, for the NeXT mission (NeXT team, Poster 5) High efficiency at high energy: SDCCD quite a novel concept Hi resolution wide band photon-counting SDCCD (Miyata, Poster 10) Hi resolution wide band photon-counting SDCCD (Miyata, Poster 10) Balloon experiment, Sumit, and 2k x 4k CCD, Working temperature of the CCD : CCD degradation Low power and high speed : ASIC M01 MD01 Development of our X-ray CCDs MAXI-SSC for all sky survey, Hayabusa for small asteroid study MAXI-SSC for all sky survey, Hayabusa for small asteroid study MAXI-SSCHayabusa MAXI-SSCHayabusa Pursue a large format : CREST-CCD, NeXT1, NeXT2 NeXT1 Thick depletion layer : Pch CCD instead of conventional Nch Pch Development of P-channel CCDs for NeXT (Ozawa, Poster 8) Development of P-channel CCDs for NeXT (Ozawa, Poster 8) Thin absorption feature : BI CCD then NeXT_SXI NeXT_SXI Development of fully depleted and BI CCD for NeXT (Takagi, Poster 9) Development of fully depleted and BI CCD for NeXT (Takagi, Poster 9) Soft X-ray Imager, SXI, for the NeXT mission (NeXT team, Poster 5) Soft X-ray Imager, SXI, for the NeXT mission (NeXT team, Poster 5) High efficiency at high energy: SDCCD quite a novel concept SDCCD SDCCD Hi resolution wide band photon-counting SDCCD (Miyata, Poster 10) Hi resolution wide band photon-counting SDCCD (Miyata, Poster 10) Balloon experiment, Sumit, and 2k x 4k CCD, Sumit2k x 4k CCDSumit2k x 4k CCD Working temperature of the CCD : CCD degradation CCD degradationCCD degradation Low power and high speed : ASIC M01 MD01 M01MD01M01MD01Topics

4. Summary Position resolution : biggest advantage of the CCD We can have a sub-pixel resolution We can have a sub-pixel resolutionsub-pixel resolutionsub-pixel resolution Effective area : one inch square chip is well established Large format reduces yield  Buttable device Large format reduces yield  Buttable deviceButtable deviceButtable device Wide energy range : SDCCD (BI) can cover 0.1~100 keV Low energy  BI chips covers down to 0.1 keV Low energy  BI chips covers down to 0.1 keV High energy  Thick depletion layer (Pch) High energy  Thick depletion layer (Pch)  SD CCD (up to 100 keV)  SD CCD (up to 100 keV) Time resolution : biggest disadvantage of the CCD Multiple readout nodes  ASIC (100 times faster?) Multiple readout nodes  ASIC (100 times faster?) High time resolution can avoid pileup and may eliminate the OBF High time resolution can avoid pileup and may eliminate the OBF Radiation damage : we need a beam test Novel cooling system is required for NeXT (-90C is not enough) Novel cooling system is required for NeXT (-90C is not enough)

6. Development of our X-ray CCDs MAXI-SSC for all sky survey, Hayabusa for small asteroid study MAXI-SSC for all sky survey, Hayabusa for small asteroid study Pursue a large format : CREST-CCD, NeXT1, NeXT2 Thick depletion layer : Pch CCD instead of conventional Nch Development of P-channel CCDs for NeXT (Ozawa, Poster 8) Development of P-channel CCDs for NeXT (Ozawa, Poster 8) Thin absorption feature : BI CCD then NeXT_SXI Development of fully depleted and BI CCD for NeXT (Takagi, Poster 9) Development of fully depleted and BI CCD for NeXT (Takagi, Poster 9) Soft X-ray Imager, SXI, for the NeXT mission (NeXT team, Poster 5) Soft X-ray Imager, SXI, for the NeXT mission (NeXT team, Poster 5) High efficiency at high energy: SDCCD quite a novel concept Hi resolution wide band photon-counting SDCCD (Miyata, Poster 10) Hi resolution wide band photon-counting SDCCD (Miyata, Poster 10) Balloon experiment, Sumit, and 2k x 4k CCD, Working temperature of the CCD : CCD degradation Low power and high speed : ASIC M01 MD01 Development of our X-ray CCDs MAXI-SSC for all sky survey, Hayabusa for small asteroid study MAXI-SSC for all sky survey, Hayabusa for small asteroid study MAXI-SSCHayabusa MAXI-SSCHayabusa Pursue a large format : CREST-CCD, NeXT1, NeXT2 NeXT1 Thick depletion layer : Pch CCD instead of conventional Nch Pch Development of P-channel CCDs for NeXT (Ozawa, Poster 8) Development of P-channel CCDs for NeXT (Ozawa, Poster 8) Thin absorption feature : BI CCD then NeXT_SXI NeXT_SXI Development of fully depleted and BI CCD for NeXT (Takagi, Poster 9) Development of fully depleted and BI CCD for NeXT (Takagi, Poster 9) Soft X-ray Imager, SXI, for the NeXT mission (NeXT team, Poster 5) Soft X-ray Imager, SXI, for the NeXT mission (NeXT team, Poster 5) High efficiency at high energy: SDCCD quite a novel concept SDCCD SDCCD Hi resolution wide band photon-counting SDCCD (Miyata, Poster 10) Hi resolution wide band photon-counting SDCCD (Miyata, Poster 10) Balloon experiment, Sumit, and 2k x 4k CCD, Sumit2k x 4k CCDSumit2k x 4k CCD Working temperature of the CCD : CCD degradation CCD degradationCCD degradation Low power and high speed : ASIC M01 MD01 M01MD01M01MD01Topics