1. Latvia Europe Baltic region World Local Territorial concept of history teaching 1995 -2007

2. Middle Ages Development of the European states in Middle ages. Christian church. Social estates. Cultural, educational and scientific achievements. Arabs and Islam. Territory of Latvia before crusades. Livonia. Example from National Standard

3. Modern history Changes in society. Renaissance. Reformation. Geographic discoveries. Development of European states in Modern times. Civilisations of discovered area (China, America etc.). Cultural, educational and scientific achievements. Polish – Lithuanian and Swedish power in Latvia. Dukedom of Curland. Russian power in Latvia. Latvian national awakening. Example from National Standard

4. Contemporary history Development of the World. World War I. Development of the states between two world wars. The Second World war. Two political and economical systems after World War II. Achievements of 20 century and nowadays global problems. European and world integration. Most important international organisations. Development of the Latvian state in the 20 ct. Culture and education in Latvia in the 20 ct. Most actual problems in current Latvia. Example from National Standard

5. Why are the neighbours reflected in textbooks (curriculum) of history in Latvia: because they influenced the course of events in Latvian past? because they are a fundamental part of European and world heritage?

6. Country, people or nation Influenced Latvian history European, world heritage EstoniaX LithuaniaX PolandXX RussiaXX Byelorussia FinlandX SwedenX DenmarkX IcelandXX X

7. Lithuania Ancient balts and ethnic brothers. Great principality of Lithuania as a state and continuation of freedom fights of Baltic folks against Teutonic order. Polish-Lithuanian state. Lithuanian-Latvian border problems. Authoritarian regime in 20-30 ties. Soviet Lithuania as success story. Common fight against totalitarian regime. National awakening.

8. Lithuania

9. Estonia Crusades. Medieval Livonia. University of Tartu. Liberation war 1918-1920. Latvian – Estonian border problems. Authoritarian regime in 30- ties. Common fight against totalitarian regime. National awakening.

10. Estonia

11. Russia The ancient Slavs as neighbours. Expansion of medieval Russia in Baltic. Influence of Orthodox church in Baltic. Rising of Great principality of Moscow. Livonian war. Peter the Great and incorporation of Baltic lands in Russia. Baltic provinces in tsarist empire. Communistic regime in Soviet Union.

12. Russia

13. Byelorussia Polotzk kingdom as neighbours. Slavs and Slavic language in Great kingdom of Lithuania. Short period of independent Republic of Byelorussia 1919. World War II.

14. Byelorussia

15. Poland Battle at Grunvald in 1410. Poland after Lublin union. Counter-reformation. The division of Polish-Lithuanian state. Rebellion in 1830 and 1861. Liberation war 1919-1920. Foreign policy of Baltic states. The beginning of World War II. “Solidarity” movement.

16. Poland

17. Finland Status of Finland in Russian empire as an ideal example for Latvians. Winter war 1939-1940.

18. Finland

19. Sweden Vikings. The Livonian war. Swedish rule in Nordic Latvia (Livland) in 17 ct. Riga under Swedish rule. “God Swedish times”. Great Nordic war. Swedish neutrality during 20 ct. Tragedy of deserted Latvian legionaries in Sweden after World War II.

20. Sweden

21. Denmark Vikings. The Livonian war and short period of Danish rule in Kurland. Adventure of Prince Magnus in Livonia in 16 ct.

22. Iceland Egil Scalagrimson in Western Latvia (Kurland). Vikings in America. Iceland as the very first foreign country recognised the independence of Latvia in 1991.

23. What image of country, people or nation is formed by textbooks - positive or negative?

24. Country, folk or nation PositiveNegative EstoniaX LithuaniaX PolandXX Russia X Byelorussia FinlandX SwedenX Denmark IcelandX X