1. Dr. Dan Bertrand LEEA 554

2.  Bracey Chapters 1 & 2  Guest Speaker- Laurel DiPreima- IASB, Policy Consultant  Chapter 5- Values and Ideology  Bracey Chapters 3 & 4  Chapter6- Major Educator Policy Actors  Quail Email- Identify applicable policies  Policy Manual discussion

3.  What values shape educational policy?  How do these values relate to major US political ideologies?  How can educational leaders identify the values and ideology positions behind policy?

4.  They shape the way people define policy problems.  They constrain people’s ability to perceive possible solutions to policy problems.

5.  Self – Interest  General Social Values  Democratic Values  Economic Values

6.  Economic Interests- Tax breaks, salary increases, increased demand for services, increased number of jobs in a department, shifting costs to another department.  Ask who benefits or is penalized economically  Power- new legal rights, representation, access to information or channels of communication, the right to serve long or indefinite terms, extension of jurisdiction and more job security.  Ask who gains power or who loses power

7.  Order- People want to be safe from physical harm and to have their property secure.  Individualism-  People should take initiative to advance their own economic success. (Utilitarian)  Freedom to express oneself with minimal restraint. (Expressive)

8.  Liberty- freedom, independence, choice  Equality- All people are entitled to equal standing before the law and equal opportunity.  Includes political, economic equality and equality of opportunity and results  Fraternity- ability to perceive others as brothers and sisters, a sense of responsibility for them that one can turn to them for help.

9.  Efficiency- obtaining the best possible return on an investment.  Economic Growth- increasing production, stimulating domestic consumption, expanding foreign trade.  Quality- quality education stimulates creativity and autonomous learning.

10.  Conflicts involving freedom  Freedom reduces order.  Freedom to make choices reduces efficiency.  Freedom does not lead to equality.  Conflicts involving efficiency  Greater efficiency comes at the cost of equality. (market competition)  The cost of quality undermines the pursuit of efficiency.  Overemphasis in efficiency weakens fraternity.

11.  “A fairly coherent set of values and beliefs about the way the social, economic and political systems should be organized and operated.”  Major U.S. Ideologies  Business Conservatism  human beings are purely motivated by self- interest.  The economy depends on focusing on independent economic success.  Vouchers, merit pay, charter schools, accountability, higher standards

12.  Religious Conservatism  Cultural war against the forces of moral corruption to gain the country back to God.  Their highest value if order, imposing it by law.  Constitutional school prayer, oppose sex and drug education, oppose multi-cultural education.  Liberalism- The highest values are equality and fraternity.  For neo-liberals- the root of most problems is slow economic growth and growing disunity.

13.  Left-wing Extremists- Blame social ills on major corporations, the military, technology and private property.  Right-wing Extremists-blame social ills on racial, ethnic or religious minority groups.  Restrict the rights of these groups, and try to restore the White Christian nation.  Highest values are order and fraternity within their own group.

14.  School administrators are caught between the Right and the Left.  Recognizing an ideological conflict: people become distressed, faulty communication, tendency to explain away inconsistencies, incongruence and practical failings of their ideology.  Obtaining information about an ideological issue: give everyone an opportunity to speak, identify points of compromise.  Opening the democratic process; analyze, discuss and include different ideologies.