1. BUMPS meeting
15-16 March, 2012

2. Fire exits …
Introductions.

3. Introduction Apologies:
BP - Olav Barkved, Tron Kristiansen, Allan Mathieson, Rob Bissell
Maersk – Jeremy Henderson, Adrian Merry
MSI – Mike Thornton
Pinnacle – Henry Bland

4. Bristol Geophysics Group
This talk is about the Bristol Seismology group which forms part of CETSEI research group within the department of Earth Sciences.

5. Bristol Geophysics - people
Prof. Michael Kendall - Applied and global seismology
Prof. George Helffrich - Global seismology
Dr. Heidy Mader - Geophysical fluid dynamics
Dr. Matt Watson - Remote sensing, GIS
Dr. Fiona Witaker - Carbonates, reactive transport modelling.
Dr. Jeremy Phillips – Fluid dynamics of volcanological processes
Dr. Jo Gottsmann (Royal Society Fellow) - Microgravity, GPS, volcanology
Dr. Alison Rust (Royal Society Fellow) – Physical volcanology
Dr. James Wookey (European Research Chair) - Global and applied seismology
Dr. Juliet Biggs (ESA fellow) - InSAR, geodesy
Dr. Nick Teanby (STFC Advanced Fellow) – Planetary sciences; remote sensing

6. Bristol Seismology- people
Dr. Alan Baird (Industry) – applied seismology
Dr. Ian Bastow (Leverhulme) - global seismology
Dr. Anna Stork (NERC) – applied seismology
Dr. Andrew Walker (ERC) – mineral physics
Dr. Anna Horleston (ERC) - seismology technician
Dr. James Verdon (NERC) - CO2 sequestration (InSalah and Weyburn)
Dr. Andrew Nowacki (ERC) - Lower mantle anisotropy
Jenny di Leo (EU) - Imaging the distribution of fluids and of the deformation above the active Indonesian subduction zone
Jack Walpole (ERC) – Imaging the lowermost mantle
Phil Usher (Industry) – microseismic monitoring
David Schlaphorst (BGS) – Building and arc: The Antilles subduction zone
Jack Dobinson (NERC) – Planet formation
Jenny Taylor (NERC) – Martian seismology
Pablo Palacios (Ecuadorian gov) – Volcano monitoring

7. Recent PhDs
James Verdon – geomechanics and microseismicity of CO2 sequestration
Glenn Jones – Ekofisk reservoir microseismicity
Othman Al-Hassasi – Oman microseismiciy
Andy Nowacki – Lowermantle anisotropy
David Thompson – Architecture of Hudson Bay
Ricardo Ramalho – Cape Verde islands

8. Bristol Geophysics - some recent grants
Kendall and Verdon, Still or sparkling: Microseismic monitoring of CO2 injection at In Salah - NERC partnership grant with BP, £300k
Kendall and Verdon - Passive seismic monitoring of CO2 injection: Weyburn phase II - Petroleum Research Technology Council Canada, $300k (co-PIs White, Geological Survey of Canada)
Kendall and Hammond,  Danakil potash project – Seismic monitoring, BHP, ~85k 
Kendall, Integration of advanced geomechanical-seismic modelling for improved lifecycle performance of tight gas sand reservoirs, Industry Technology Facilitator (ITF), £590,000 (PI - Cain, Rockfield: Fisher, Leeds)
Elliott, Analysis of trace metals and stable and radiogenic metal isotopes in hydrocarbons and source rocks, Shell, £178k
Witaker, Integrated reaction transport modelling of dolomite evolution, Industry Technology Facilitator (ITF), £464k
Whitaker, Controls on carbonate connectivity, ExxonMobil, £185k
Whitaker, CARB consortium, ExxonMobil, Chevron, ConocoPhilips, ~£200k
Sparks and Cashman, Volcanology Chair, AXA Research Fund, €618k
Sparks, Blundy and Rust, Understanding porphyry Cu deposits, BHP, £1.8M.

9. Some recent papers
Verdon, J. P., J-M. Kendall, D. J. White and D. A. Angus, Linking microseismic event observations with geomechanical models to minimise the risks of storing CO2 in geological formations, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 305, , doi: /j.epsl , 2011.
Verdon, J. P. and J-M. Kendall, Detection of multiple fracture sets in oil reservoirs using seismic anisotropy imaged by microearthquakes, Geophys. Prosp., 59, , doi: /j x, 2011.
Wuestefeld, A., J-M. Kendall, J. P. Verdon and A. van As, Temporal variations in seismic anisotropy and fracture characteristics: Observations from the mining industry, in press Geophys. J. Int., 2011.
Kendall, M., S. Maxwell, G. Foulger, L. Eisner and Z. Lawrence, Microseismicity: Beyond dots in a box – Introduction, Geophysics, 76, WC1-WC3, 2011.

10. Some recent papers
Wuestefeld. A., J. P. Verdon, J-M. Kendall, J. Rutledge, H. Clarke and J. Wookey, Inferring rock fracture evolution during reservoir stimulation from seismic anisotropy, Geophysics, 76, WC157-WC166, 2011.
Al-Harrasi, O. H., J-M. Kendall and M. Chapman, Fracture characterisation using frequency-dependent shear-wave anisotropy analysis of microseismic data, Geophys. J. Int., 85, 1059–1070, doi: /j X x, 2011.
White, D. J., M. Meadows, S. Cole, A. Ramirez, Y. Hao, S. Carle, A. Duxbury, C. Samson, J-M. Kendall, J.P. Verdon, B. Dietker, T. Urbancic, J. Johnson and I. Morozov, Geophysical monitoring of the Weyburn CO2 flood: Results during 10 years of injection, Energy Procedia, 4, , doi: /j.egypro , 2011.
Angus, D. A., J. P. Verdon, Q. J. Fisher, J-M. Kendall, J. M. Segura, T. G. Kristiansen, A. J. L. Crook, S. Skachov, J. Yu and M. Dutko, Integrated fluid-flow, geomechanic and seismic modeling for reservoir characterization, Can Soc. Explor. Geophys. - Recorder, 26-35, May, 2011.

11. Dinner – Albion Pub, Clifton, BS8 4AA
Earth Sciences
Wills Memorial Bldg

12. Proposed Work Packages
Event location and characterisation
Seismic anisotropy and attenuation
Exploiting the wider wavetrain - linked modelling
Geomechanics
CO2 capture and storage
Geothermal

13. Event location and characterisation
Improved locations: Multiplets, JHD, and clusters (de Meersman et al. 2009; Jones PhD 2011).
Effects of velocity model, anisotropy
Array design
Focal mechanisms and moment tensor solutions - invert for the stress field.
Non-double-couple solutions - fluid effects.

14. Yibal: 43 fault plane solutions Compaction?
Al-Anboori and Kendall, 2010
Yibal:
43 fault plane solutions
Compaction?

15. Seismic anisotropy
Automated processing of large datasets (near real-time).
Temporal variations in anisotropy.
Frequency dependent effects - techniques and interpretation: poroelasticity vs. scattering
Shear-wave splitting tomography.
Fracture parameter inversion
Bn/Bt inversion

16. Temporal Variations
Time (hours)

17. BUMPS Workflow event location shear-wave splitting interpretation
tt-picks
particle motion
locate events
shear-wave
splitting analysis
frequency
dependent
anisotropy
fracture
inversion
event location
shear-wave splitting
synthesis
geomechanical
model
integration with
other data
interpretation

18. Seismic attenuation
Q estimates; spatial and temporal variations during fracking.
Q anisotropy - relative variations in attenuation (e.g., Carter and Kendall, 2005).

19. Exploiting the wider wavetrain
Better exploiting the coda; converted waves; reflections.
Waveform modelling
Finite frequency modelling - 1-way wave equation (e.g., Angus et al).
More efficient ray tracing (e.g., Chambers and Kendall, 2008).
Full waveform modelling

20. Geomechanics
Linked geomechanical, fluid-flow and seismic modelling (IPEGG)
Applications to tight gas (GESER); CCS;
Temporal and spatial variations in anisotropy
Effects of faults or pre-existing planes of weakness
Applications to volcano monitoring
Full field simulation and predictions of seismic attributes (Valhall)

21. CO2 capture and storage Continued work on Weyburn (funding renewed).
Work on In Salah (Krechba) with BP (new NERC funding).
Links between microseismicity, geomechanics, and ground deformation (InSAR) (e.g., Verdon et al. 2011; Angus et al., 2011).
Risk analysis - BRISK.

22. Geothermal
Pilot project with sites in Ethiopia (Alutu and Corbetti volcanoes).
Capacity building for developing country.
Good scientific links already.
Instruments from UK pool.
Links between seismicity, SWS, InSAR anomalies and MT (Zurich).

23. Datasets Single well passive seismic monitoring Valhall; Ekofisk;
Frack monitoring
Chinook Ridge; Cotton Valley; Peace River; Field X; Creelman (Canada); Field Y
CO2
Aneth Oil Field, Utah; Field X; Weyburn; In Salah
Multiple wells
Oman; North Parkes, Australia; Cotton Valley, USA
Larger scale datasets
Ontake volcano, Japan; Italy datasets; Alutu and Corbetti volcanoes, Ethiopia.

24. Deliverables
The primary deliverable for this project is knowledge transfer of research findings, guidelines and algorithms for the best exploitation of microseismic data. This will come in the following forms:
A password-protected website for the consortium (
Regular sponsors meetings (every 12 months).
Presentations and talks
Progress reports
Comprehensive final report

25. Next meeting ?