1. Energy security Professor Jim Watson Director, Sussex Energy Group University of Sussex Research Fellow, The Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research

2. Energy security The uninterrupted physical availability of energy products on the market, at a price which is affordable for all consumers Risks include –Disruptions to supply of fossil fuels –Insufficient investment –Technical failure –Civil unrest or blockades

3. Reduce and replace Reduce More efficient use of energy and demand reduction comes first Replacement options Renewables, including biofuels Carbon capture and storage Nuclear power

4. Short term considerations Transport fuel accounts for around a third of current world energy consumption UK uses liquid fuel for most of its transport energy needs Currently no alternatives to liquid fuel for air transport

5. How might biofuels help? “Biofuels contribute to energy security by increasing the diversity of supply choices and introducing a component of supply that is not necessarily import dependent” An alternative to petroleum as liquid fuel for transport Can add to energy diversity and reduce risks Attractive as home-grown source of energy in some countries Like oil, biofuels can be stored

6. Possible impact Biofuels could make a potentially important contribution to future global energy supply mix UK target is 5% of total transport fuel from renewable sources by 2013 Energy security concerns must be integrated with other factors, e.g. reduction of greenhouse gas emissions