1. How to Use This Presentation To View the presentation as a slideshow with effects select “View” on the menu bar and click on “Slide Show”, or simply press F5 on the top row of your keyboard. To advance to the next slide click the left mouse button once. From the Chapter screen you can click on any section to go directly to that section’s presentation. Blank or “missing” areas of a slide will remain hidden until the left mouse button is clicked. You may exit the slide show at any time by pressing the Esc key Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

2. Classification Chapter 9 Section 1: Sorting It All Out Section 2: The Six Kingdoms Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

3. Sorting It All Out Section 1 Bellringer Think about the different ways humans classify things. List five groups of things that humans classify, such as library books, department store merchandise, and addresses. Is there such a thing as too much classification? What happens when you put something in the wrong group? Can objects or ideas belong in more than one group at the same time? Record your responses in your science journal. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

4. Sorting It All Out Section 1 Objectives Explain how to classify organisms. List the seven levels of classification. Explain scientific names. Describe how dichotomous keys help in identifying organisms. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

5. Sorting It All Out Section 1 Why Classify? Order out of Chaos Scientists classify organisms to help make sense and order of the many kinds of living things in the world. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

6. Sorting It All Out Section 1 How Do Scientists Classify Organisms? Classification Today Taxonomists use the seven-level system to classify living things based on shared characteristics. Branching Diagrams On a branching diagram, several characteristics are listed along the line that points to the right. Each characteristic is shared by the animals to the right of it. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

7. Sorting It All Out Section 1 Levels of Classification From Kingdom to Species Every living thing is classified into one of six kingdoms. All living things in a kingdom are sorted into several phyla (singular, phylum). All of the living things in a phylum are further sorted into classes. Each class includes one or more orders. Orders are separated into families. Families are broken into genera (singular, genus). And genera are sorted into species. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

8. Sorting It All Out Section 1 Scientific Names I Name Thee... By classifying organisms, biologists are able to give organisms scientific names. Two-Part Names The first part of of a scientific name is the genus name. The second part is the species name. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

9. Sorting It All Out Section 1 Dichotomous Key Identification Aid A dichotomous key is an identification aid that uses sequential pairs of descriptive statements. A dichotomous key is shown on the next slide. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. A Growing System More Species to Find You may think that all of the organisms on Earth have already been classified. But people are still discovering and classifying organisms. End of Slide

10. A Dichotomous Key Section 1 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

11. The Six Kingdoms Section 2 Bellringer List seven musical artists, bands, or acts. Categorize the names on your list by style of music. Describe the categories you chose, and explain which bands might fit into more than one category. Record your responses in your Science Journal. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

12. The Six Kingdoms Section 2 Objectives Explain how classification schemes for kingdoms developed as greater numbers of different organisms became known. Describe each of the six kingdoms. Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. End of Slide

13. The Six Kingdoms Section 2 What Is It? Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Looking at Characteristics Organisms are classified by their characteristics. For example, can the organism move around freely, does it have fur, does it have a skeleton? All of these questions can help classify the organism. End of Slide

14. The Six Kingdoms Section 2 The Two Kingdoms of Bacteria Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Archaebacteria Prokaryotes that can live in extreme environments are in the kingdom Archaebacteria. Eubacteria Bacteria that are not in the kingdom Archaebacteria are in the kingdom Eubacteria. Eubacteria are prokaryotes that live in the soil, in water, and even on and inside the human body! End of Slide

15. The Six Kingdoms Section 2 Kingdom Protista Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Protists Members of the kingdom Protista, commonly called protists, are single-celled or simple multicellular organisms that don’t fit into any other kingdom. Kingdom Fungi Fungus Molds and mushrooms are examples of the complex multicellular members of the kingdom Fungi. End of Slide

16. The Six Kingdoms Section 2 Kingdom Plantae Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Plants Although plants vary remarkably in size and form, most people easily recognize the members of the kingdom Plantae. End of Slide

17. The Six Kingdoms Section 2 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Kingdom Animalia Animals The kingdom Animalia contains complex, multicellular organisms that don’t have cell walls, are usually able to move, and have specialized sense organs. Simple Animals The animal kingdom includes small members that might surprise you, such as worms, insects, and corals. End of Slide

18. Classification Chapter 9 Concept Map Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Use the following terms to complete the concept map on the next slide: phylum, classification, kingdom, class, family, order, species, scientific name, taxonomy.

19. Concept Map Chapter 9 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

20. Concept Map Chapter 9 Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.