1. K EGORGEWARRENBROWN SCHOOLOFSOCIALWOR Emergency Relief in Haiti Development Practice in International Settings

2. Contents 1 Introduction 2 Context 3 Reports 4 Evaluation 5 Alternative Linda Colleen Tae-yoon & Colleen

4. Natural disasters Complex emergencies

5. Natural disasters

6. Global warming Deforestation Soil erosion Unsustainable development

7. Complex emergencies 1989199019911992199319941995199619971998199920002001200220032004200520062007 ( Uppsala Universitet)

8. Complex emergencies Poverty Population pressure Conflicts Development traps

9. 2 Context Colleen

10. 2 Context Colleen Conventional form: Republic of Haiti Official Languages: Creole, French Government type: Republic Religions: Population: Ethnic Groups: Age Structure: Black 95% Roman Catholic 80% Protestant 0-14 38.1% 15-64 58.5% 16% Other 3% None 1% Mulatto & White 5% 9.5 million Haiti

11. 2 Context Colleen Poverty Poorest country in the Americas 80% live below the poverty line. 54% live in abject poverty. Economy Abject poverty Poverty line 80% 54% Household income distribution lowest 10% is 0.7% highest 10% is 47.7% 47.7% 0.7%

12. 2 Context Colleen Labor force agriculture: 66% (coffee, mangoes, sugarcane, rice, corn, sorghum) industry: 9% (sugar refining, flour milling, textiles, cement, light assembly based on imported parts) services: 25% Economy

13. 2 Context Colleen Transportation Airports total: 14 (4 paved runways) Roadways total: 4,160 km (paved: 1,011 km, unpaved: 3,149 km) Colleen, do you have any maps about this?

14. 2 Context Colleen Taken over by Spanish settlement Ceded to the French Haitian Revolution Gained independence U.S. Marine occupation Coup Joined the Caribbean Community (Caricom) National presidential election 14921697179118041915-1934199120022006 Political climate

15. 2 Context Colleen International Relation France Cultural ties Limited contracts between Haiti and other dependencies Dominican Republic History of mutual suspicion “Push and Pull” factors of migration Free trade zone established in 2003 United States Powerful economic and political influence Primary trading partner for imports and exports Multiple attempts to curtail migration of economic refugees

16. 2 Context Colleen Earthquake 8.1 with tsunami Hazel Flora Emily Gordon George Fay Gustav Hanna Ike Earthquake 7.0 19461954196319801994199820042008 Jeanne 2010 History of Disaster