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To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights.

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Presentation on theme: "To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights."— Presentation transcript:

1 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming A. A. Elimam

2 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Basic Concepts  Objective function  Decision variables  Constraints  Feasible region  Parameters  Linearity  Nonnegativity

3 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Applications  Disentangling Bankruptcies  Production Planning  Gasoline Blending  Diet Design  Product Distribution  Bus Scheduling  Resource Allocation

4 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. SAKARA Pipe Company

5 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Type 1 Type 2 How much of each type do I make?

6 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Two Plastic Pipes Two Plastic Pipes Type 1 Type 2 Type 1 Type 2 Profit, $/ 100 ft 34 40Profit, $/ 100 ft 34 40 Extrusion, hrs/100 ft 4 6Extrusion, hrs/100 ft 4 6 Packaging, hrs/100 ft 2 2Packaging, hrs/100 ft 2 2 Additive Mix, lbs/100 ft 2 1Additive Mix, lbs/100 ft 2 1

7 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. x 1 =amount of Type 1 pipe produced and sold next week, 100-foot increments x 2 =amount of Type 2 pipe produced and sold next week, 100-foot increments Linear Programming Step 1 - Define the decision variables

8 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Step 2 - Define the objective function Max Z = Objective

9 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Step 2 - Define the objective function Max Z = x 1 + x 2 Decision variables

10 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Step 2 - Define the objective function Max Z = $34 x 1 + $40 x 2 Coefficients

11 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Extrusion Time, 48 hrs Packaging Time, 18 hrs Additive Mix, 16 lbs

12 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Step 3 - Formulate the constraints Max Z = $34 x 1 + $40 x 2 48 (extrusion) 48 (extrusion) Right Hand Side value

13 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Step 3 - Formulate the constraints Max Z = $34 x 1 + $40 x 2  48 (extrusion)  48 (extrusion) Type of limit

14 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Step 3 - Formulate the constraints Max Z = $34 x 1 + $40 x 2  48 (extrusion)  48 (extrusion) Type of limit Upper limit  Lower limit  Equality=

15 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Step 3 - Formulate the constraints Max Z = $34 x 1 + $40 x 2 x 1 x 2  48 (extrusion) x 1 x 2  48 (extrusion) Decision variables

16 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Step 3 - Formulate the constraints Max Z = $34 x 1 + $40 x 2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) Coefficients

17 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Step 3 - Formulate the constraints Max Z = $34 x 1 + $40 x 2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) x 1, x 2  0 x 1, x 2  0

18 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Wershon Suit Company Jackets Jackets Slacks Available Profit,$/unit 10 15 Profit,$/unit 10 15 Material, Material, Square yards 2 550 Square yards 2 550 Person Hours 4 2 36 Person Hours 4 2 36 How many jackets and slacks should be produced ?

19 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Wershon Suit Company Type of Objective Function Type of Objective Function Maximize Profit Variable Definition Variable Definition JK = number of jackets produced / week SK = number of slacks produced / week

20 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Wershon Suit Company Max Z = $10 JK + $15 SK ST 2 JK + 5 SK  50 (Material) 4 JK + 2 SK  36 4 JK + 2 SK  36 (sewing)  0 JK, SK  0 (Nonnegativity)

21 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Farmer Spanky Pigs Alfalfa Buckwheat Min. Units/lb units/lb Daily Units/lb units/lb Daily Cost, $/lb 7 9 Cost, $/lb 7 9 Vitamin, Vitamin, A 3 5 15 A 3 5 15 B 8 8 32 B 8 8 32 C 7 2 14 C 7 2 14 Find the minimum cost mix that satisfies the daily vitamin requirements.

22 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Farmer Spanky Pigs Type of Objective Function Type of Objective Function Minimize Cost Variable Definition Variable Definition Alfa Alfa = Pounds of Alfalfa used in mix Bukw Bukw = Pounds of Buckwheat used in mix

23 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Farmer Spanky Pigs Min Z = $ 7 Alfa + $ 9 Bukw ST 3 Alfa + 5 Bukw  15 (Vitamin A) 8 Alfa + 8 Bukw  32 (Vitamin B) 7 Alfa + 2 Bukw  14 (Vitamin C)  0 ( Alfa, Bukw  0 ( Nonnegativity)

24 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Gasoline Blending Prem. Reg. CostStock gal. gal.$/gal. gal. gal. gal.$/gal. gal. Price, $/gal. 1.40 1.25 Price, $/gal. 1.40 1.25 Light Oil 0.50 0.75 0.9 4000 Light Oil 0.50 0.75 0.9 4000 Heavy Oil 0.75 0.50 1.0 6000 Heavy Oil 0.75 0.50 1.0 6000 At least 60% of all gasoline must be Regular Find the maximum profit gasoline mix.

25 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Gasoline Blending Type of Objective Function ? Type of Objective Function ? Maximize Net Revenue Variable Definition Variable Definition P = Number of premium gallons produced R = Number of regular gallons produced H = Number of heavy crude gallons used L = Number of light crude gallons used

26 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Gasoline Blending Max Z = 1.4 P + 1.25 R - 0.9 L - 1.0 H Max Z = 1.4 P + 1.25 R - 0.9 L - 1.0 HST H= 0.75 P + 0.50 R H= 0.75 P + 0.50 R L= 0.50 P + 0.75 R H  6000 L  4000 R  0.6 (R+P) R, P, H, L  0

27 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Gasoline Blending: Two Variables Max Z = 1.4 P + 1.25 R - Max Z = 1.4 P + 1.25 R - 0.9 (0.50 P + 0.75 R) 1.0 (0.75 P + 0.50 R) ST (0.75 P + 0.50 R)  6000 (0.75 P + 0.50 R)  6000 (0.50 P + 0.75 R)  4000 R  0.6 (R+P) R, P, H, L  0

28 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Gasoline Blending: Two Variables Max Z = 1.4 P + 1.25 R - Max Z = 1.4 P + 1.25 R - 0.9 (0.50 P + 0.75 R) 1.0 (0.75 P + 0.50 R) ST (0.75 P + 0.50 R)  6000 (0.75 P + 0.50 R)  6000 (0.50 P + 0.75 R)  4000 R - 0.6 (R+P)  0 R - 0.6 (R+P)  0 R, P  0 R, P  0

29 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Gasoline Blending: Two Variables Max Z = 1.4 P + 1.25 R - Max Z = 1.4 P + 1.25 R - 0.9 (0.50 P + 0.75 R) 1.0 (0.75 P + 0.50 R) ST (0.75 P + 0.50 R)  6000 (0.75 P + 0.50 R)  6000 (0.50 P + 0.75 R)  4000 0.4 R - 0.6P  0 0.4 R - 0.6P  0 R, P  0 R, P  0

30 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 x2x2 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion)

31 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) (12, 0) (0, 8)

32 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) (12, 0) (0, 8) |||||||| 24681012141618

33 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) (9, 0) (0, 9) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging)

34 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) (9, 0) (0, 9) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging)

35 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) (8, 0) (0, 16) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix)

36 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) (8, 0) (0, 16) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix)

37 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix)

38 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Feasible region 12 — 11 — 10 — 9 — 8 — 7 — 6 — 5 — 4 — 3 — 2 — 1 — 0 |||||||||||| 123456789101112 2 x 1 + x 2  10 x2x2 x1x1

39 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Feasible region 12 — 11 — 10 — 9 — 8 — 7 — 6 — 5 — 4 — 3 — 2 — 1 — 0 |||||||||||| 123456789101112 2 x 1 + x 2  10 2 x 1 + 3 x 2  18 x2x2 x1x1

40 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Feasible region 12 — 11 — 10 — 9 — 8 — 7 — 6 — 5 — 4 — 3 — 2 — 1 — 0 |||||||||||| 123456789101112 2 x 1 + x 2  10 2 x 1 + 3 x 2  18 x 1  7 x2x2 x1x1

41 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Feasible region 12 — 11 — 10 — 9 — 8 — 7 — 6 — 5 — 4 — 3 — 2 — 1 — 0 |||||||||||| 123456789101112 2 x 1 + x 2  10 2 x 1 + 3 x 2  18 x 1  7 x 2  5 x2x2 x1x1

42 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Feasible region 12 — 11 — 10 — 9 — 8 — 7 — 6 — 5 — 4 — 3 — 2 — 1 — 0 |||||||||||| 123456789101112 - 6 x 1 + 5 x 2  5 2 x 1 + x 2  10 2 x 1 + 3 x 2  18 x 1  7 x 2  5 x2x2 x1x1

43 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Feasible region 12 — 11 — 10 — 9 — 8 — 7 — 6 — 5 — 4 — 3 — 2 — 1 — 0 |||||||||||| 123456789101112 Feasible region - 6 x 1 + 5 x 2  5 2 x 1 + x 2  10 2 x 1 + 3 x 2  18 x 1  7 x 2  5 x2x2 x1x1

44 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Feasible region 12 — 11 — 10 — 9 — 8 — 7 — 6 — 5 — 4 — 3 — 2 — 1 — 0 |||||||||||| 123456789101112 Feasible region - 6 x 1 + 5 x 2  5 2 x 1 + x 2  10 2 x 1 + 3 x 2  18 x 1  7 x 2  5 x2x2 x1x1 Test point

45 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) Feasible region A B C D E

46 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C D E (8,0) (0,6.8) 34 x 1 + 40 x 2 = $272

47 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C D E (8,0) (0,6.8) 34 x 1 + 40 x 2 = $320

48 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C D E (8,0) (0,6.8) 34 x 1 + 40 x 2 = $342

49 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Graphical solution 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C D E (8,0) (0,6.8) 34 x 1 + 40 x 2 = $342 Optimal solution (3,6)

50 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Sensitivity Analysis How sensitive the Optimal solution to changes in problem parameters Expect Approximate model data “ What if ? “ Questions Changes in profit / cost data Changes in RHS Changes in Constraint Coefficients

51 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. SA on Objective Function Coefficients Changes in objective function coefficients (OFC) Solution stays optimal if value of OFC within a given range If outside this range, need to find a new optimal solution

52 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. SA of RHS Values Use SA software output SHADOW PRICE of a constraint: Amount of change in optimum objective function value caused by adding one unit to the RHS.

53 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Sensitivity analysis 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C D E

54 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Sensitivity analysis 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) (Slope = - 2 / 3 ) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) (Slope = -1) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C D E

55 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Sensitivity analysis 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C D E

56 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Sensitivity analysis 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C D E Optimal solution before rotation 20 x 1 + 40 x 2 = 160

57 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Sensitivity analysis 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C D E Optimal solution before rotation 20 x 1 + 40 x 2 = 160 Optimal solution after rotation

58 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Sensitivity analysis 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (original packaging constraint) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C E 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) D

59 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Sensitivity analysis 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (original packaging constraint) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C D E 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  19 (relaxed packaging constraint) Increase in feasible region C

60 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Sensitivity analysis 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C E D

61 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Sensitivity analysis 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C D E CC Packaging constraint for upper bound

62 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Sensitivity analysis 18 — 16 — 14 — 12 — 10 — 8 — 6 — 4 — 2 — 0 ||||||||| 24681012141618 x1x1 x2x2 4 x 1 + 6 x 2  48 (extrusion) 2 x 1 + 2 x 2  18 (packaging) 2 x 1 + x 2  16 (additive mix) A B C D E CC Packaging constraint for upper bound Packaging constraint for lower bound

63 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Infeasible Solution 12 — 11 — 10 — 9 — 8 — 7 — 6 — 5 — 4 — 3 — 2 — 1 — 0 |||||||||||| 123456789101112 Y X Max 2 X + 3 Y ST 4 X + 3 Y  12 X + Y  8

64 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Unbounded Solution 12 — 11 — 10 — 9 — 8 — 7 — 6 — 5 — 4 — 3 — 2 — 1 — 0 |||||||||||| 123456789101112 Y X Max 2 X + 3 Y ST X - Y  1 -X + Y  1 Objective Function Line

65 To accompany Krajewski & Ritzman Operations Management: Strategy and Analysis, Fourth Edition  1996 Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. All rights reserved. Linear Programming Alternative Optima 12 — 11 — 10 — 9 — 8 — 7 — 6 — 5 — 4 — 3 — 2 — 1 — 0 |||||||||||| 123456789101112 Y X Min 2 X + 3 Y ST X + 1.5 Y  3 X + Y  6 Objective Function Line


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