1. ACROSS THE SEA ACROSS THE SEA

2. YearsTot. EmigratesMenWomenReturneesBalance + o - 1901-1905 2.770.0002.287.000473.000544.000- 2.226.000 1906-1910 3.256.0002.658.000598.0001.000.000- 2.256.000 1911-1915 2.743.0002.198.000545.000976.000- 1.766.000 1916-1920 1.085.000718.000367.000233.000- 852.000 1921-1925 1.516.0001.076.000440.000137.000- 1.379.000 1926-1930 1.061.000776.000285.000685.000- 376.000 1931-1935 458.000278.000 180.000 535.000+ 77.000 1936-1940 421.000314.000107.000535.000+ 114.000 1941-1945 250.000242.0008.000230.000- 20.000 1946-1950 1.128.000713.000415.000455.000- 673.000 1951-1955 1.366.000927.000439.000660.000- 706.000 1956-1960 1.739.0001.275.000464.000917.000- 822.000 1961-1965 1.556.0001.221.000335.0001.043.000- 513.000 1965-1970 1.078.000747.000329.000820.000- 258.000 1971-1975 637.000439.000198.000600.000- 37.000 1976-1980 502.000346.000155.000490.000- 12.000 1981-1985 415.000287.000128.000415.0000 TOTALI29.036.00022.253.0006.780.000.10.275.000-18.761.000 Italians emigrated to USA in 20° century

3. Two types of trip Italians leaving their home country trying to seek their fortune in USA Italians leaving their home country trying to seek their fortune in USA More lucky people going in an easy way to USA More lucky people going in an easy way to USA

4. PASCAL D’ANGELO Born in Introdacqua on 1/20/1894 Emigrated to USA Laborer Poet of the pick and shovel Died in 1932 in Manhattan

5. Enrico Fermi Italian physicist and emigrant

6. Europe USA Europe USA Gratuated on 4/06/1922 in physics Gratuated on 4/06/1922 in physics Gottingen Gottingen Leida Leida Florence Florence Rome Rome Boys of Panisperna street Boys of Panisperna street Columbia University Columbia University Los Alamos Los Alamos Chicago Chicago

7. A little Genius… As a young boy, he shared his interests with his older brother, Giulio. They dismantled small engines and other parts. As a young boy, he shared his interests with his older brother, Giulio. They dismantled small engines and other parts. One of the first sources for the study of physics was a book found at the local market of Campo de' Fiori in Roma. The 900 page book, entitled ”Elementorum physicae mathematicae”, was written in Latin by Jesuit Father Andrea Caraffa, a professor at the Collegio Romano, and covered subjects like mathematics, classical mechanics, astronomy, optics, and acoustics. One of the first sources for the study of physics was a book found at the local market of Campo de' Fiori in Roma. The 900 page book, entitled ”Elementorum physicae mathematicae”, was written in Latin by Jesuit Father Andrea Caraffa, a professor at the Collegio Romano, and covered subjects like mathematics, classical mechanics, astronomy, optics, and acoustics.

8. … but also a great sensitive heart When Giulio, his brother, died unexpectedly of a throat abscess in 1915, Enrico was distraught, and immersed himself in scientific study to distract himself. According to his own account, each day he would walk in front of the hospital where Giulio died until he became inured to the pain. When Giulio, his brother, died unexpectedly of a throat abscess in 1915, Enrico was distraught, and immersed himself in scientific study to distract himself. According to his own account, each day he would walk in front of the hospital where Giulio died until he became inured to the pain.

9. Where did he study? Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa Scuola Normale Superiore in Pisa University of Gottingen University of Gottingen University of Leiden University of Leiden La Sapienza in Rome La Sapienza in Rome Columbia University Columbia University University of Chicago University of Chicago

10. What did he work on? E. Fermi Quantum Mechanics Atomic Physics Nuclear Physics

11. New World, new work He went to USA in the 1938 to escape from anti-semitic laws and to work on the first nuclear fission experiment at Columbia University He went to USA in the 1938 to escape from anti-semitic laws and to work on the first nuclear fission experiment at Columbia University In 1944 moved to Los Alamos National laboratory, in New Mexico to work on the first Atomic Bomb, the “Manhattan Project” In 1944 moved to Los Alamos National laboratory, in New Mexico to work on the first Atomic Bomb, the “Manhattan Project”

12. Radioactive-life Consequences Fermi died at age of 53 of stomach cancer (a result of heavy exposure to radiation) in Chicago, Illinois, and was interred at Oak Woods Cemetery. Two of his graduate students who assisted him in working on or near the nuclear pile also died of cancer. Fermi and his team knew that such work carried considerable risk but they considered the outcome so vital that they forged ahead with little regard for their own personal safety. Fermi died at age of 53 of stomach cancer (a result of heavy exposure to radiation) in Chicago, Illinois, and was interred at Oak Woods Cemetery. Two of his graduate students who assisted him in working on or near the nuclear pile also died of cancer. Fermi and his team knew that such work carried considerable risk but they considered the outcome so vital that they forged ahead with little regard for their own personal safety.

13. BIBLIOGRAPHY “Vita”, Melania Mazzucco “Vita”, Melania Mazzucco Www.emigrati.it Www.emigrati.it Www.wikipedia.it Www.wikipedia.it Www.ospiti.peacelink.it Www.ospiti.peacelink.it