2. Created by: Amy Taylor Hazelwood Central High School To Teacher PageTo Activity

3. Teacher Page Grade Level: 10 MAP Content Standards: –The learner will be able to understand that evidence for the nature and rates of evolution can be seen in the anatomy and molecular structure of living things. –Organisms are classified into a hierarchy of groups and subgroups, based on their structural similarities and reflecting as much as possible their evolutionary relationships.

4. Tips for Classroom Use: –Preview the activity before using it with your class. –Buttons are present on each page that will enable you to move forward and back within the activity. Journaling: –This activity is intended to be used in conjunction with journaling. –The notebook icon will prompt the student when to journal in their notebooks.

5. Focus on the process of problem solving with your student…they need to understand not only the facts, but the reasoning behind them. Have them write their thoughts on paper and then discuss them as a class.

6. Evolution: the change in the gene pool of a population over time. In this activity you will determine the evolutionary order in which various living things evolved and provide reasoning for their evolution.

7. The Five Kingdom System Kingdom Animalia Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Monera Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Protista (click on Kingdom for a review of characteristics)

8. Multicellular- made of more than one cell Eukaryotic- cells have a true nucleus and membrane-bound organelles Cells lack cell walls Heterotrophic- are consumers…they get their energy from another food source. Kingdom Animalia

9. Most are multicellular- made up of more than one cell Eukaryotic All have cell walls made of chitin, a complex carbohydrate. Heterotrophic Decomposers- specifically, they obtain energy by feeding off dead or decaying organic matter. Kingdom Fungi

10. Kingdom Monera Unicellular prokaryotic- cells lack nuclei, membrane bound organelles and chromosomes have a cell wall made of polysaccharides may be either heterotrophic or autotrophic (make their own food) sometimes classified as 2 kingdoms: archaebacteria and eubacteria.

11. Kingdom Plantae Multicellular eukaryotic have cell walls made of cellulose autotrophic

12. Kingdom Protista The most diverse kingdom unicellular eukaryotic may be autotrophic or heterotrophic

13. Using your knowledge of the five kingdoms, hypothesize their order of appearance on an evolutionary timeline. 1. _____________________ 2. _____________________ 3. _____________________ 4. _____________________ 5. _____________________

14. Here’s what scientists accept... Explain why it is believed that the above timeline best fits evolutionary theory. 1. Kingdom Monera (3.5 billion years ago)Kingdom Monera 3. Kingdoms Fungi AND PlantaeKingdoms Fungi AND Plantae (400 million years ago) 4. Kingdom Animalia (320 million years ago)Kingdom Animalia 2. Kingdom Protista ( 1.5 billion years ago)Kingdom Protista Click on Kingdoms for an explanation

15. Why are Monerans believed to be the first living things to evolve? Evolution generally supports a change from the simple to the more complex… – Prokaryotes exist earlier in the fossil record than eukaryotes, which have organelle specialization. –Unicellular organisms before multicellular organisms, having cell, tissue, and organ specialization. Since some bacteria carry out photosynthesis, they are believed to have produced the oxygen required by many other organisms.

16. Why place Protists second? They are eukaryotes…that means that within their single cell, specialization has occurred giving each part (organelle) a specific function.

17. Fungi and Plants tie for third? Both are eukaryotic. Both are multicellular… a fairly recent event that allows for further specialization of cells and tissues. Together, they helped each other survive on dry land…the plants made food and fungi absorbed minerals thus providing the neccessities for both. The move from sea to land could not have occurred without this mutualistic relationship.

18. Why is the Animal Kingdom last? Eukaryotic, multicellular organisms…like plants and fungi First appeared in fossil record shortly after the plants –Required plants for survival because animals are heterotrophs. They rely on other organisms for a food source whereas plants make their own food. –Also used the waste oxygen produced by plants Click here to return to title page