1. Male Reproductive System

2. Organs of Male Reproduction
Gonads (Testes)
produce gametes (sperm)
secrete the sex steroid hormones

3. Organs of Male Reproduction
Ducts (reproductive tract)
Store Sperm
Transport sperm

4. Organs of Male Reproduction
Accessory Organs
Secrete substances that support sperm

5. Organs of Male Reproduction
External genitalia
Penis
scrotum

6. Testes Located in the scrotum
Cremaster and dartos muscles help to regulate temperature

7. Testes
Within the testes:
seminiferous tubules
developing sperm

8. Testes
Within the testes:
seminiferous tubules
developing sperm

9. Testes
Within the testes:
seminiferous tubules
developing sperm

10. Testes Within the testes: seminiferous tubules developing sperm
sustentacular cells

12. Testes Within the testes: seminiferous tubules developing sperm
sustentacular cells

13. Testes Within the testes: seminiferous tubules developing sperm
sustentacular cells
interstitial cells

15. Spermatogenesis

16. Spermiogenesis

17. Spermatogenesis

20. The testes descend from the abdomen during fetal development

26. Ducts

27. Ducts
Epididymis

29. Ducts
Epididymis

30. Ducts
Epididymis
Vas deferens

41. Ducts
Epididymis
Vas deferens

42. Ducts
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct

44. Ducts
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct

45. Ducts
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct
Urethra

47. Accessory Glands
Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral glands

48. Semen

49. Semen
sperm plus seminal fluid

50. Semen
sperm plus seminal fluid
million sperm/ml

51. Semen
sperm plus seminal fluid
million sperm/ml
includes prostaglandins,

52. Semen
sperm plus seminal fluid
million sperm/ml
includes prostaglandins, bicarbonate,

53. Semen
sperm plus seminal fluid
million sperm/ml
includes prostaglandins, bicarbonate, fructose,

54. Semen
sperm plus seminal fluid
million sperm/ml
includes prostaglandins, bicarbonate, fructose, antibiotics,

55. Semen
sperm plus seminal fluid
million sperm/ml
includes prostaglandins, bicarbonate, fructose, antibiotics, & enzymes that activate sperm

56. Penis
root & body
glans & prepuce

57. Penis
erectile bodies
corpus spongiosum
coropora cavernosa

58. Penis
erectile bodies
corpus spongiosum
corpora cavernosa

61. Penis
erections under the control of parasympathetic stimulation
ejaculation: sympathetic

62. Spermatic cord

63. Hormone Control of Male Reproduction
Gonadotropin releasing hormone
FSH & LH (ICSH)
Sperm production
Testosterone release

64. Other Functions of Testosterone
development, growth, & maintenance of male sex organs
bone and muscle growth
2o sex characteristics
aggression?
libido

65. Female Reproductive System

66. Organs of Female Reproduction
Gonads (Ovaries)

67. Organs of Female Reproduction
Reproductive tract
uterine tubes
uterus
vagina

68. Organs of Female Reproduction
External Genitalia

69. Ovaries
Held in place by ligaments
ovarian ligaments
suspensory ligaments

70. Ovaries
Produce gametes (ova)
Secrete the sex steroid hormones

72. Ovaries
Contain thousands of follicles
Each follicle contains one ovum

74. Ovaries
each month one follicle matures
at ovulation: a mature follicle releases an ovum

75. Ovaries
hormones secreted include
estrogens
progestins (progesterone)

76. Uterine Tubes Smooth muscle tubes
Lined with ciliated columnar epithelium

77. Uterine Tubes
Features:
infundibulum
frimbriae
ampulla

78. Uterine Tubes
Site of fertilization
Pathway to uterus

79. Uterus “Womb” Held in place by ligaments broad ligament round ligament
uterosacral ligament

80. Uterus
Site of
embryo implantation
embryo and fetal development
labor

81. Uterus
Anatomical regions
fundus
body
cervix

83. Uterus Uterine wall consists of three layers endometrium myometrium
perimetrium

85. Uterus
Endometrium divided into
functional zone
basilar zone

87. Vagina
muscular tube between urinary bladder and rectum

88. Vagina
pathway for sperm
pathway for menstrual flow
birth canal
vaginal opening may be partially covered by the hymen

90. Vagina
lined with stratified squamous epithelium

91. External genitalia: vulva
labia minora
vestibule
labia majora
mons pubis
clitoris

94. Accessory Structures
Paraurethral glands
Vestibular glands

95. Accessory Structures
Vestibular Bulb

97. Mammary Glands
10-15 lobes
each lobe consisting of numerous lobules

98. Mammary Glands Mammary ducts drain each lobe
Near nipple, the ducts expand into sinuses
Lactiferous ducts drain sinuses to outside

99. Mammary Glands
Ducts and lobules associated with myoepithelial cells

100. The breast is supported by numerous suspensory ligaments

104. Ovarian cycle
1st two weeks: pre-ovulatory phase:
Follicle maturation

106. Ovarian cycle
On day 14 of a 28 day cycle:
ovulation

108. Ovarian cycle
Last two weeks: corpus luteum development

110. Uterine cycle 1st 3-7 days: menses
loss of functional zone layer of endometrium

111. Uterine cycle 2nd week: proliferative phase
restoration of endometrial functional zone layer

112. Uterine cycle 3rd and 4th weeks: secretory phase
active endometrial glands

113. Hormonal Control of Female Reproduction
GnRH
follicle and ovum development
corpus luteum development
FSH & LH
ovulation
estrogens & progestin secretion from corpus luteum
estrogen secretion from follicles

114. FSH & LH follicle and ovum development corpus luteum development
estrogens & progestin secretion from corpus luteum
estrogen secretion from follicles
ovulation
E stimulates regrowth of endometrium
E & P stimulate endometrial gland secretion

116. If (after two weeks) no pregnancy:
corpus luteum shuts down.
E & P secretion stops
endometrium loses hormonal support
menses begins

117. If a successful fertilization occurs:
corpus luteum does not shut down.
E & P secretion continues
endometrium is maintained
pregnancy continues

118. Why doesn’t the corpus luteum shut down if an early embryo is present?

119. Other Functions of Estrogen
development, growth, & maintenance of female sex organs
bone and muscle growth
2o sex characteristics
libido

120. General Function of Progestins
preparation of the body for pregnancy

122. Thank you ulnar nerve.