1. The DOI Standard Nettie Lagace (@abugseye) NISO Associate Director for Programs CEAL Workshop on Electronic Resources Standards and Best Practices March 25, 2014

2. Digital Object Identifier DOI is both a unique identifier of a piece of digital content AND a system to access that content digitally. Persistent object identifier. DOI system has two main parts: (the identifier and a directory system) and a third logical component, a database. Developed by AAP (Association of American Publishers), now managed by International DOI Foundation.

3. Constructing a DOI Standard for persistent object identification. DOI is a ‘ dumb’ (opaque) number that identifies a digital object: – Example: 10.1063/S000369519903216 10 Registration Agency Prefix 1063Publisher Prefix S000369519903216 Suffix (Publisher-assigned ID) The DOI and the URL pointing to the digital object, is registered with the service provider: – 10.1006/rwei.1999.0001 | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B01222 67656000013

4. DOI Resolution DOI Handle System (developed by CNRI - Corporation for National Research Initiatives). Retrieval of object: – link is sent to central Handle directory where current Web address is stored – location is sent back to browser with special message to redirect to address, e.g: – http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/rwei.1999.0001 redirects to http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/ B0122267656000013

5. A DOI Registration Agency General purpose: “to promote the development and cooperative use of new and innovative technologies to speed and facilitate scholarly research.” – Specific mandate: be the citation linking backbone for all scholarly information in electronic form Began in 1999 with major publishers forming non-profit PILA (Publishers International Linking Association), which operates CrossRef. Members: 4865 publishers, 2005 libraries – 2013: a BILLION DOI resolutions – Averages 2 million metadata queries/day Three major resolution-related services: depositing metadata including DOIs, submission of article references for the purpose of obtaining DOI, creation of links using DOIs.

6. http://www.slideshare.net/CrossRef/2013-crossref-annual-meeting-crossref-overview-edpentz

7. http://www.crossref.org/06members/50go-live.html

8. DOI as a Standard 2005: Published as ANSI/NISO Z39.84-2005 (R2010) Syntax for the Digital Object Identifier 2012: Published as ISO 26324:2012, Information and documentation – Digital object identifier system (includes functional information on technical resolution) Registration Authority: IDF, International DOI Foundation – Federation of Registration Agencies (including CrossRef, DataCite, Airiti, Inc., China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (ISTIC), Japan Link Center (JaLC) )

9. Thank you! Questions? nlagace@niso.org @abugseye