1. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 ENTEP AND TRENDS IN TEACHER EDUCATION IN A EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE

2. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 A fairy tale It is the year 2007. Europe has a leading role in education world wide. The teaching profession is attractive and highly valued, …

3. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 A fairy tale – part 2 All teachers are ‘learning professionals’. Many remain closely connected with higher education institutions and may be engaged with research. They all routinely spend time reflecting on their experiences and updating their knowledge, skills and competences. …

4. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 A fairy tale – part 3 Teachers are fully supported in building their expertise and in maximising their time. They are provided with excellent initial and in-service training and education (guided by regular and effective performance reviews and evaluations), regular opportunities for study visits at home and abroad, research scholarships and sabbaticals. …

5. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP?

6. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 ENTEP is a no-budget network of representatives of the European ministers of education. ENTEP representatives come from different backgrounds and have different expertise: academics, high-level civil servants, executives

7. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? ENTEP status It is neither a decision group nor an expert group. It is an advisory group or reference group that acts as a sounding board for the European Commission and individual member states.

8. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 Brief history Launched in Loulè (Portugal) in 2000 At first 14 countries In 2003: 10 new member states In 2007: 2 new member states

9. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007

10. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Network goals Promote co-operation among European Union Member States regarding their teacher education policies in relation to initial, in-service and continuous professional development programmes, in order to: Develop opportunities to learn from each other by analysing and comparing policies and issues, as well as by sharing good practice Promote the discussion and analysis of teacher education policy initiatives taken at national and European level

11. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Network goals Contribute to: –Raising teacher education quality; –Developing a European dimension of education and other elements which could be common in teacher education programmes; –Improving the public image of the teaching profession; –Improving mutual trust in the teaching qualifications awarded by Member States; –Promoting teacher mobility in the European Union.

12. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 QUALITY COMPARABILITY

13. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? What are the issues and trends in Teacher Education in Europe? Raising quality in Education and Teacher Education Restructuring the Higher Education Area in Europe by 2010

14. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 the most competitive economy a knowledge-based society a European identity

15. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Quality as the critical factor Teacher policy is high on national agendas. All countries are seeking to improve their schools. As the most significant resource in schools, teachers are central to school improvement efforts. Teachers Matter, 2005, 13

16. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 Trend bundle one: Bologna COMPARABILITY Restructuring EHEA by 2010

17. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Why Bologna? comparability of systems, certification and qualifications joint research projects and degree programmes a new European identity in the field of education

18. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Starting point In the 70’s and 80’s teachers in Europe were educated in Universities, in Pedagogical Universities, in Teacher Training Colleges, and in the upper secondary sector. Hugely differing length of study programmes

19. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Bologna basics If we want Europe to move closer together, if we want to increase mobility in the teacher profession, we need to develop a new quality of TRUST. “easily readable and comparable” degrees.

20. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Bologna basics 3 cycles ECTS for student workload Diploma supplement

21. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 ENTEP-Conference in Loulé, Portugal, 2000 A first attempt by ENTEP to compare national systems of teacher education was made At the moment ENTEP is preparing a paper on this convergence and an emerging new diversity.

22. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Mobility In a multicultural and multilingual Europe mobility is part of the European dimension

23. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Mobility September 2006: ENTEP conference in Helsinki Joint Interim Report of 2004: „Mobility for learning or teaching purposes should be increased at all levels, notably as part of the Community education and training programmes. Particular attention should be paid to mobility of teachers and trainers as part of their career development.“ (JIR 2004, 29)

24. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? System change David Hargreaves, keynote in Loulé in 2000: How to design and implement a revolution in teacher education and training: Some lessons from England. (Hargreaves 2000, 75-88)

25. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 ENTEP-Conference in Feldkirch, Austria, 2002 IRELAND Teachers educated in Teacher Education Colleges with strong links to universities PORTUGAL ENGLAND “universitisation” from a university-based system to ”a largely school-based system of teacher training”.

26. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 Trend bundle two: Quality

27. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Teachers play a crucial role in supporting the learning experience of young people and adult learners. They are key players in how education systems evolve and in the implementation of the reforms which can make the European Union the highest performing knowledge-driven economy in the world by 2010. (CEP 2005, 1)

28. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? The success of the reforms undertaken hinges directly on the motivation and the quality of education and training staff. … … measures to make the teacher/trainer profession more attractive …attract the best talents to the profession and to retain them (JIR 2004, 24)

29. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Teachers are the most influential resource in schools – teachers vary widely in performance, and lifting teacher quality is the policy most likely to improve student performance Paulo Santiago, OECD

30. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 ENTEP-Conference in Umea, Sweden, 2001

31. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 Research needs to be included on all levels: it must inform teacher education programmes and taught content, it must actively involve the teaching staff, and it must reach the students. It must be a field for doctoral dissertations and it must be an ongoing source of new knowledge in a teacher’s lifelong learning.

32. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 Recommendation from the Common European Principles The contribution of research and evidence based practice to the development of new knowledge about education and training should be promoted. (CEP 2005, 4)

33. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 ENTEP-Conference in Tallinn, Estonia, 2003 Who trains the trainers?

34. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 Teachers’ work […] should be embedded in a professional continuum of lifelong learning which includes initial teacher education, induction and continuing professional development, as they cannot be expected to possess all the necessary competences on completing their initial teacher education. (CEP 2005, 4)

35. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Career incentives Two schemes have been designed in England, the “Advanced Skills Teacher” and the “Excellent Teacher”.

36. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Advanced Skills Teachers “teachers who have been recognised through external assessment as having excellent classroom practice. They are given additional payment and increased non-contact time in order to share their skills and experience with other teachers, within their own school and from other schools.” (http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/ast/)http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/ast/

37. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Excellent Teachers “ETs will have a distinctive role in helping other teachers improve their effectiveness and will have a major impact on improving pupil attainment across the whole school.” “will not commit the teacher to doing any outreach work. They will be based in their own school throughout the week, though they will be expected to mentor and develop staff within their own school.” (Hastings, 2005)

38. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? A bag of other issues Professionalisation Entrance selection Induction School leadership Quality assurance Common European principles Competences & standards

39. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 What is ENTEP? Conclusion Most [European] people, in and out of the education system, take pride in the conviction that they have one of the best educated younger generations in the world. Everyone speaks of the excellent quality of the teaching force and the respected status of the teachers in society. (Cremin 2002, 76)

40. Otmar Gassner 17th May, 2007 Thank you for your attention