1. Heather Anderson

3.  The Catholic Church had a great pull on saying they are evil people cursed by God  Treatment included exorcism; in which various religious rituals were performed to rid the victim of evil sprits. ◦ shaving the pattern of a cross in there hair ◦ Going to church  “The convictions that sorcery and witches are causes of madness and other evils continued into the 15 th century, and evil continued to be blamed for unexplainable behavior, even after the founding of our own country, as evidenced by the Salem, Massachusetts, witch trials” – Abnormal Psychology

5.  Often believed that psychopathology was caused by gods, demons and evil spirits.  Treatments were aimed at letting the spirits escape.

6.  Return of the notion of demon possession as causing mental illness * Burned at the stake * Dunking, downing  As Renaissance emerged, roots of mental illness came to be viewed as physical (rather than spiritual)  However, individuals with mental illness still could not function

7.  Crude, overcrowded and little more a warehouses  St. Mary’s of Bethlehem Hospital in London (established in the 1500’s) *people were chained and overcrowded *inhumane conditions *chaotic and full of bizarre behavior *a tourist attraction-where the term “Bed’lam” (An Asylum) came from.

8.  Paul Broca and his ‘area”-discovered brain area that is responsible for processing  Emil Kraepelin- Dementia praecox as first diagnosis of schizophrenia *First identified that mental disorders stem from multiple disorder *developed basis for modern diagnostic system

9.  Phillipe Pinel (1748-1826; France) – instituted “moral treatment” of those in asylums, unchained them and sought to treat them with dignity  Dorothea Dix (1802-1887; USA)- lobbled for laws to protect individuals in asylums who at that point had no rights * moved from prison-like(or actual prison) setting to more treatment oriented locales

10.  Additional reform and rise of antipsychotic medications leading to deinstitutionalization  RECOVERY MOVEMENT- Grassroots movement initiated and maintained by individuals with mental illness ◦ Peer support ◦ Almed recovering function in the context of mental illness