1. Need To Know Define Imperialism & Goals Define Imperialism & Goals Scramble for Africa Scramble for Africa Berlin Conference Berlin Conference (& Who Was Missing)

2. Apartheid in South Africa

3. Colonization: Settling in another country & taking it over politically and economically. Settling in another country & taking it over politically and economically.

4. What is Apartheid? System of racial segregation in South Africa. Lasted from 1948-1994 Goal - keep economical and political power with people of English descent/heritage Based on prior U.S. Segregation Policies

5. Four Groups   White (not discriminated against) Black Colored (mixed race, Malayan) Asian (Pakistanis and Indians) * Family members often in different groups

6. Purpose and Impact Black people (75% of the population) sent to “homelands” (like U.S. Indian reservations)

7. Purpose, cont Prevented non-white people from voting or holding political office Education, medical care, & other services were segregated. Black option was usually inferior in quality and care

8. “Homeland” System Once apartheid was implemented, blacks wouldn’t be citizens of South Africa; only to their “Homeland” Between 1960s-1980s- 600,000 people were forced to move to their “Homeland”

9. “Rules”

10. “Rules, cont”

11. Ending of Apartheid In 1980’s white government saw the need for change Due to violence, protests, and pressure from the rest of the world   Feb 13, 1989 President F.W. de Klerk ends apartheid and releases Mandela Sharpeville Massacre

12. Nelson Mandela Protested Apartheid In Jail from 1963- 1990 for protesting April 24, 1994- 1999 President of South Africa 1993 won Nobel Peace Prize

13. 1999--Second Free Elections. Thabo Mbeki is elected and remains South Africa’s president today. 2009--Third Free Elections. Jacob Zuma is elected and remains South Africa’s president today.

14. Dealing With the Past: Truth and Reconciliation Commission (1995) led by Desmond Tutu, an Anglican bishop, a long time political activist, and a Nobel Peace Prize recipient, is set up to “enable S. Africans to come to terms with their past on a morally accepted basis and advance the cause of reconciliation.” Dealing With the Past: Truth and Reconciliation Commission (1995) led by Desmond Tutu, an Anglican bishop, a long time political activist, and a Nobel Peace Prize recipient, is set up to “enable S. Africans to come to terms with their past on a morally accepted basis and advance the cause of reconciliation.” Some Major Issues: Some Major Issues: divisions within various ethnic groupsdivisions within various ethnic groups big gap between the “haves” and “have-nots”big gap between the “haves” and “have-nots” racism-racism- AIDS & HIVAIDS & HIV high crime and rape rateshigh crime and rape rates economic hardshipseconomic hardships

15. Video clips: Video clips: Nelson Mandela (Quick Review) Nelson Mandela (Quick Review) Nelson Mandela Nelson Mandela Mandela’s first Interview Mandela’s first Interview Mandela’s first Interview Mandela’s first Interview Mandela after release Mandela after release Mandela after release Mandela after release Effects of Apartheid today Effects of Apartheid today Effects of Apartheid today Effects of Apartheid today Poverty in Post-Apartheid South Africa Poverty in Post-Apartheid South Africa Poverty in Post-Apartheid South Africa Poverty in Post-Apartheid South Africa