1. Major motives of life
Ch 14
sec 1
Motives to love

2. objectives Explain motivation
Compare and contrast intrinsic/ extrinsic motivation
Analyze the importance of biology in love

3. Motivation
Motivation- refers to an inferred process within a person or animal, that causes that organism to move toward a goal or away from an unpleasant situation
Like emotion, comes from Latin “to move”
Goal may be to get married or avoid marriage, eat or avoid eating

4. chapter 14
Defining motivation
An inferred process within a person or animal that causes movement either toward a goal or away from an unpleasant situation
Intrinsic motivation: the pursuit of an activity for its own sake
Extrinsic motivation: the pursuit of an activity for external rewards such as money or fame

5. Types of motivation
Intrinsic motivation- for the inherent pleasure of the activity; internal pleasure it provides
Extrinsic motivation- for an external reward, such as money or fame

6. chapter 14
The biology of love
Neurological origins of passionate love begin in infancy when infants attach to mother.
Certain neurotransmitters and hormones involved in pleasure and reward are activated in mother-baby, adult lover, and close friend bonds.
Endorphins
Functional MRI’s have shown other neurological similarities.
Certain parts of the brains light up when people look at pictures of sweethearts and biological children.

7. Social animal: motives to love- Biology
Biological origins of passionate love may begin in infancy- attachment with mother
Happens when mother-infant blood releases neurotransmitters and hormones involved in pleasure and reward
Oxytocin- feelings, expression
Endorphins- natural opiates; in mice babies cry, momma mice licks baby= releases E
Study says- inject pigs with E, less sad when mom leaves

8. Psychology of Love Two predictors of whom people will love
Proximity: the people nearest are the most likely dearest
Friends, lovers, from set of people you work by and live by (Internet tool to weed out)
Similarity: Like attracts like
Looks, attitudes, beliefs, values, personality
Opposites attract= not true

9. The psychology of love The need for affiliation Predictors of love
chapter 14
The psychology of love
The need for affiliation
The motive to associate with other people, by seeking friends, companionship, or love
Predictors of love
Proximity: choosing friends and lovers from the set of people who are closest to us
Similarity: choosing friends and lovers who are like us in looks, attitudes, beliefs, personality, and interests

10. Attachment Theory of Love
Attachment theory views adults’ love relationships, like those of infants (almost same %)
How to love-comes mostly from parent models
Secure(65%)- rarely jealous, compassionate, helpful
Avoidant (25%) – distrust, avoid
Anxious-ambivalent(11%)- always admitted about relationship, close afraid partner leave (clingy)

11. The attachment theory of love
chapter 14
The attachment theory of love
Like infants to their caregivers, adults have attachment styles to their partners.
Secure: rarely jealous or worried about abandonment
Avoidant: distrustful, avoids intimate attachments
Anxious-ambivalent: agitated and worried partner will leave

12. Gender, Culture, and Love
Western Societies, sexes do not differ in feelings of love BUT how they express them
Women often express love in words
Men often express love in actions (culture says unmasculine)
Gender differences in love reflect economic and social forces (whether a person can afford to get married)
Similarities: passionate love, love at first sight, compassion

13. Ingredients of love Sternberg’s triangular theory of love
chapter 14
Ingredients of love
Sternberg’s triangular theory of love
Passion: euphoria and sexual excitement
Intimacy: being free to talk about things, feeling close to and understood by loved ones
Commitment: needing to be with the other person, being loyal
Ideal love involves all three.

14. Summary
Motivation
Intrinsic/ extrinsic
Bio/psychology of love