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Chemical Reactions and Balancing Introduction Presentation
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The Nature of Chemical Reactions What indicates that a chemical reaction has happened?
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What is a chemical Reaction? Any process/reaction that produces new materials from the original materials Change in form in products Must maintain the same mole ratio through the process while re-arranging matter
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Main parts of a chemical reaction 1. Reactants—chemicals that start the reaction Located on the left side of the equation A + B 2. Products– substances that are created during the chemical reaction process Located on the right side of the equation A + B AB
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State of matter symbols used in reactions (s)—solid (l)—liquid (g)—gas (aq)—aqueous (solid that has been dissolved in water) Typically necessary because many solids do not react in the solid state (need free electrons)
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Directional and Quantity Symbols 1. yields or makes used to separate the reactants from products 2. Element on top of an arrow = catalyst 3. + combining
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Why do elements react with each other? Main goal is to have a full valence shell Accomplished by exchanging valence electrons (Ionic Bonds) Or by sharing valence electrons (molecule) Elements need 2 valence electrons (H, He, Li, Be, B) or 8 to be complete
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List 4 things that can happen during a reaction
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Chemical Equations and Formula Writing 1. Word Equations—use element names to illustrate a reaction Can be clumsy and difficult to work with on a regular basis 2. Formula Equations—Use element symbols to illustrate a reaction for us Much quicker and easier to work with
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How do I balance chemical equations? Law of Conservation of mass/matter---tells us that matter cannot be created nor destroyed In all processes matter is just re-arranged Must have the same amount of reactants and products Mass should not be different from one side of an equation to another
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What are coefficients? Whole numbers placed IN FRONT of an element/compound in a chemical equation to balance the reaction This whole number is distributed to the element/compound it is in front of All reactions must be balanced
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