1. Modern Architecture Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp

2. Topics High Modernism High Modernism High Modernism: Early Le Corbusier High Modernism: Early Le Corbusier High Modernism: Early Mies van der Rohe High Modernism: Early Mies van der Rohe Late Modernism Late Modernism Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd Wright Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd Wright Late Modernism: Later Mies van der Rohe Late Modernism: Later Mies van der Rohe Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier

3. High Modernism The Bauhaus The Bauhaus Considered the quintessential structure of High Modernism Considered the quintessential structure of High Modernism Designed by Walter Gropius in 1926 – 1927 Designed by Walter Gropius in 1926 – 1927 Located in Dessau, Germany Located in Dessau, Germany

4. High Modernism The Bauhaus The Bauhaus Workshop Wing Workshop Wing Lifted above a setback half-basement zone Lifted above a setback half-basement zone Appears as a pure quadratic volume of glass, suspended weightlessly in midair Appears as a pure quadratic volume of glass, suspended weightlessly in midair

5. High Modernism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

6. High Modernism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

7. High Modernism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

8. High Modernism: Early Le Corbusier Le Corbusier Le Corbusier Rivaled in the early- and mid-twentieth century only by Frank Lloyd Wright Rivaled in the early- and mid-twentieth century only by Frank Lloyd Wright Believer in High Modernism Believer in High Modernism Strong Classical idealism Strong Classical idealism Designed the Villa Savoye Designed the Villa Savoye

9. High Modernism: Early Le Corbusier Villa Savoye Villa Savoye Located outside of Paris Located outside of Paris Considered on of the major icons of 20 th century architecture Considered on of the major icons of 20 th century architecture A superb fusion of functionalism and dazzling formal invention A superb fusion of functionalism and dazzling formal invention

10. High Modernism: Early Le Corbusier http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

11. High Modernism: Early Le Corbusier http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

12. High Modernism: Early Le Corbusier http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

13. High Modernism: Early Mies van der Rohe Mies van der Rohe Mies van der Rohe Closely rivaled Le Corbusier and Wright as form givers to 20 th century architecture Closely rivaled Le Corbusier and Wright as form givers to 20 th century architecture Was the leader of the Berlin School in Germany Was the leader of the Berlin School in Germany Famous quotes Famous quotes “I don’t want to be interesting. I want to be good” “I don’t want to be interesting. I want to be good” “Less is more” “Less is more”

14. High Modernism: Early Mies van der Rohe Barcelona Pavilion Barcelona Pavilion Mies van der Rohe Mies van der Rohe Designed as the German Pavilion for the Barcelona Exposition in 1929 Designed as the German Pavilion for the Barcelona Exposition in 1929

15. High Modernism: Early Mies van der Rohe http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

16. High Modernism: Early Mies van der Rohe http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

17. Late Modernism Late modernism was led by leaders of High Modernism and Frank Lloyd Wright (Early) Late modernism was led by leaders of High Modernism and Frank Lloyd Wright (Early) Late Modernism arose after the World War II era Late Modernism arose after the World War II era Younger architects were highly influenced by their elders from the early Modern movements Younger architects were highly influenced by their elders from the early Modern movements

18. Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright Important structures of his later career Important structures of his later career Fallingwater House Fallingwater House Guggenheim Museum Guggenheim Museum

19. Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd Wright The Fallingwater House The Fallingwater House Located in Bear Run, PA Located in Bear Run, PA 1937 1937 The most universally loved of Wright’s works The most universally loved of Wright’s works A stream runs along side and beneath the house A stream runs along side and beneath the house Huge ferroconcrete terraces reach out into the space of the gorge Huge ferroconcrete terraces reach out into the space of the gorge

20. Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd Wright http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

21. Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd Wright http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

22. Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd Wright http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

23. Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd Wright The Guggenheim Museum The Guggenheim Museum Located in New York City, NY Located in New York City, NY 1956 – 1959 1956 – 1959 Derives from Wright’s earlier masterpiece, the Larkin Building Derives from Wright’s earlier masterpiece, the Larkin Building Interior features a large spiraling ramp that descends downward Interior features a large spiraling ramp that descends downward Art is displayed on the walls of the ramp Art is displayed on the walls of the ramp Viewers descend the ramp to view the art Viewers descend the ramp to view the art

24. Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd Wright http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

25. Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd Wright http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

26. Late Modernism: Later Frank Lloyd Wright http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

27. Late Modernism: Later Mies van der Rohe Mies van der Rohe Mies van der Rohe Came to America in 1938 Came to America in 1938 Taught at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago Taught at the Illinois Institute of Technology in Chicago Major structure Major structure The Seagram Building, NY The Seagram Building, NY

28. Late Modernism: Later Mies van der Rohe The Seagram Building The Seagram Building Located in New York City, NY Located in New York City, NY 1954 – 1958 1954 – 1958 Clad in solid bronze and tinted glass Clad in solid bronze and tinted glass 38 stories 38 stories 520 feet high 520 feet high

29. Late Modernism: Later Mies van der Rohe http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

30. Late Modernism: Later Mies van der Rohe http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

31. Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier Le Corbusier Le Corbusier Still maintained a ferroconcrete model in his later works Still maintained a ferroconcrete model in his later works Utilized it to create bold sculptural effects in his later works Utilized it to create bold sculptural effects in his later works Major structure Major structure Notre-Dame-du-Haut, France Notre-Dame-du-Haut, France

32. Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier Notre-Dame-du-Haut Notre-Dame-du-Haut Located in Ronchamp, France Located in Ronchamp, France A church that made an extreme statement as to Le Corbusier’s style A church that made an extreme statement as to Le Corbusier’s style Sited atop a hillside Sited atop a hillside http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

33. Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

34. Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

35. Late Modernism: Later Le Corbusier http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html

36. References Sullivan, Mary; http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/ Sullivan, Mary; http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/ http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html Trachtenburg/Hyman; Architecture: From Prehistory to Postmodernity Trachtenburg/Hyman; Architecture: From Prehistory to Postmodernity Wodehouse/Moffett; A History of Western Architecture Wodehouse/Moffett; A History of Western Architecture

37. Modern Architecture Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp