1. Pair Programming

2. XP Rule of Thumb “When something is difficult or painful, do it more often until it becomes easier.”

3. Roles Driver ▫Controls mouse and keyboard Navigator/Observer ▫Actively reads and reviews code while it is being written ▫Thinks about the bigger picture ▫Provides strategic direction ▫Help ensure quality and minimise defects Switch frequently

4. Rules All production code must be developed by a pair ▫Conversely, this means that are plenty of other activities that you can undertake in the absence of a pair. It's not one person doing all the work and another watching ▫Keyboard should be moving back and forth between the two participants several times an hour Don’t pair for more than 75% of the day Switch pairs frequently ▫At least daily

6. Start with a defined task The task should be something you are confident that you can complete in an hour or two

7. Agree on one tiny goal at a time Something you can complete in minutes Ping pong with red, green, refactor works well

8. Talk lots! When people are pairing well, they are talking back and forth almost non-stop. Stating the problem in words to another person helps focus your mind and helps engage your partner's mind. It also ensures that you both know what you are working on right now. Here are some common things to say while pairing: ▫Do you think this is a valid test? ▫Does that look correct to you? ▫What’s next? ▫Trust me (when writing code to illustrate your point rather than trying to explain)

9. Rely on and support your partner Driver ▫Complete current goal (tiny task) as quickly as possible ▫Trust the observer to notice larger issues Observer ▫Pay attention ▫Think about possible bugs, larger issues, and ways to simplify or improve the design. ▫Bring up errors and code that you find unreadable right away. ▫Bring up larger issues and ideas for design improvement after the driver is done. ▫Jot later tasks down so that driver can stay focused.

10. Sync frequently It is normal to get out of sync ▫Be unsure of what your partner is doing ▫Be unclear on the current (tiny) task When it happens, TALK and sync up again

11. Celebrate Celebrate completed tasks and overcome problems, e.g. ▫High five when a test passes ▫High five when you write failing test

12. Switch roles often At least every half an hour

14. Suggested: 1.Driver writes failing test 2.Switch roles 3.New driver writes code to help test pass 4.Chat about what can be refactored and make changes together 5.Driver writes next failing test 6.Switch roles 7.Loop