1. Earth Science Review

2. What are physical features on the earth’s surface?

3. Landforms

4. What are the four agents that constantly change the earth’s landforms?

5. Water
Wind
Ice
Mass movement

6. What is weathering?

7. The process of breaking rock into silt, sand, clay, and other tiny pieces

8. What are these tiny pieces called?

9. Sediment

10. How does water weather rocks?

11. Rivers can carve deep canyons
Ocean waves can weather cliffs
Freezes in cracks and expands breaking the rock apart
Acid rain dissolves rock
Tumbles rocks into each other

12. What is erosion?

13. The process of moving sediment from one place to another

14. What is the process called of dropping it into a new location?

15. Deposition

16. How does water erode sediment?

17. Waves take the sediment from the cliffs to the beach
Rainfall carries it to rivers and streams
Rivers carry it to their banks
Some rivers carry it to their mouths

18. What is a delta?

19. The new land that has been deposited in a triangle shape near the mouth of a river

20. What does wind erode more quickly?

21. Dry soil instead of wet soil

22. Where is this greatest?

23. Where there is little plant life to hold sediment in place

24. What unusual landforms can wind erosion create?

25. Tables
Arches
Columns

26. What are dunes?

27. Large mounds of sand

28. What are beach dunes caused by?

29. The constant blowing of the sea breeze

30. What are glaciers?

31. Large thick sheets of ice formed when more snow falls during the winter than melts in the summer

32. Why does a glacier erode everything under it?

33. It’s great size and weight

34. What are the two kinds of glaciers?

35. Valley and Continental

36. Where are valley glaciers found?

37. High in mountain valleys

38. How do they erode?

39. They flow slowly down the mountainsides

40. What do they form?

41. A U-shaped valley

42. How many are left?

43. Very few and these are melting quickly

44. What are continental glaciers?

45. Thick sheets of ice that cover large areas of the Earth

46. What is mass movement?

47. The downhill movement of rock and soil because of gravity.

48. Give some examples of mass movement

49. Mudslides
Landslides
Avalanches
Sinkholes

50. How does a landslide or mudslide occur?

51. The force of gravity is greater than the force of friction holding the soil

52. What is creep?

53. The slow movement of soil downhill

54. How fast does it move?

55. Only a few centimeters each year

56. What is a sinkhole?

57. A large hole in the ground that opens suddenly

58. How does a sinkhole occur?

59. The limestone beneath the surface erodes and the land over the weakened area collapses?

60. How does erosion and deposition effect the landforms?

61. It can change them or produce new ones.

62. What are terminal moraines?

63. The long ridges of soil and rock left behind by glaciers.

64. Give an example of it.

65. Long Island or Cape Cod

66. How are new islands formed?

67. Volcanic eruptions

68. How does this happen?

69. Slowly over time the melted rock and ash continue to be deposited on top until the it appears over the surface of the water

70. The End