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DEFINITION, SCOPE, AND OBJECTIVE OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY

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Presentation on theme: "DEFINITION, SCOPE, AND OBJECTIVE OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY"— Presentation transcript:

1 DEFINITION, SCOPE, AND OBJECTIVE OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY
By Dr.Wedad Awliya

2 DEFINITION Operative dentistry is the science and art dealing with the restorations of any fault “Defect” that occurs in the hard tooth structures. It occupies about 70% of the dentist time and necessitates the formation of Cavities of specific design and form to receive the filling “restorative material” of choice

3 SCOPE Operative dentistry consists of all procedures including preventive measures by which teeth may be conserved and thus maintain the natural masticating mechanism in such a state that the general health will not be endangered

4 THE DEFINITION OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY includes and scope the following
Defects which affect the teeth Restoration

5 DEFECTS WHICH AFFECT THE TEETH
Pathologic: i. Dental caries

6 ii. Developmental structural defects
Enamel Hypoplasia: Acquired condition Causes: Infections disease in childhood ”fever” Trauma Abscess to developing crown

7 iii. Hereditary Amelogenesis imperfecta: Hereditary abnormality Insufficient amount of enamel, soft enamel, friable and easy lost

8 iii. Hereditary Dentinogenesis imperfecta: hereditary condition Teeth appear yellow-brown to gray Enamel is fractured easily due to poor support provided by the abnormal dentin

9 Seen with congenital syphilis
iii. Hereditary * Peg-shaped lateral incisor * Hutchinson’s incisor * Mulbery molars Seen with congenital syphilis

10 iv. Nutritional * Enamel hypocalcification: incomplete calcification or Hardening of enamel (hypomineralized)

11 V. Formative * Dens invaginatus and dens evaginate or dens in dente or tooth within a tooth Exaggeration or accentuation of the lingual pit The cause is unknown

12 Vi. Acquired tooth wear * attrition(clenching and grinding, age) * abrasion( mechanical wear, wrong brushing technique, biting pen or hard object) * erosion (citrus fruits, acid containing drinks)

13 discoloration - extrinsic e.g. external stain(food, drinks, smoking) - intrinsic e.g. dental fluorosis

14 Accidental traumatic fracture of teeth.

15 2. RESTORATION: Is an artificial substitute which replace the missing portion of the hard tooth tissues. Restorations must not only retain the tooth to its normal form, function, strength, and esthetic, but they must also provide for the health of the supporting tissues. Faulty restorations are a common etiological factor of periodontal disease. An unfavorable response of the periodontium will result in occlusal disharmonies. If not corrected, thus causing traumatic occlusion.

16 DENTAL CARIES DEFINITION
“ It is a disease of the calcified tissues of the teeth, characterized by a demineralization of the inorganic portion and destruction of the organic substance of the tooth”

17 CAVITY The term cavity refers to a defect in enamel, or in enamel and dentin, usually resulting from the pathologic process of dental caries.

18 Prepared cavities The performance of those dental surgical procedures required to expose the carious lesion, permit removal of affected tissues, and so shape the remaining dentin and enamel as to contribute to biologically and mechanically sound restoration.

19 RESTORATIVE MATERIALS
The replacement of lost hard tooth structure cannot be achieved without using the proper restorative dental materials. This include: Temporary restorative materials Permanent restorative materials

20 Metal Polymers Ceramics PERMANENT RESTORATIVE MATERIALS INCLUDE
Composite resin Glass-ionomer- cements Acrylic Ceramics porcelain Amalgam Gold Noble metal Cobalt-chromium- alloys Nickel-chromium- alloya

21 PERMANENT RESTORATIVE MATERIALS
Direct restorative materials * Esthetic restorative materials (composite resin, Glass- ionomer cements and compomer) * Metalic restoration (amalgam, gold foil) Indirect restorative materials * Cast gold restoration * Porcelain * Castable ceramic restoration

22 OBJECTIVE OF OPERATIVE DENTISTRY
Operative dentistry has five fundamental aims Diagnosis Prevention Interception Preservation Restoration

23 Proper diagnosis of lesions including their * location * extent
Correct treatment planning including * the design of tooth preparation * the selection of restorative materials and procedure

24 PREVENTION The ultimate aim regarding dental caries is its prevention, therefore, every step of an operative procedure must emphasize this. For example, * Location of the margins * The shape (contour) of the final restoration * Sealing of enamel faults- pits and fissures Prevents any recurrence of decay and their defects

25 INTERCEPTION This procedure in operative dentistry refers to preventing further loss of tooth structure by stabilizing an active disease process

26 PRESERVATION This includes * The vitality of the affected tooth * Re establishing of the important anatomy in remaining sound tooth structure

27 RESTORATION The ultimate goal of operative dentistry treatment should be restoration of health. This will include Restoring and maintaining form, function, phonetics and esthetics Occlusal re establishment and stability Not only to the teeth themselves, but also to their surrounding supporting tissues and to the entire stomatognathic system and to the welfare of the whole patient.

28 To achieve the ultimate goals of operative dentistry, any restorative performance, requires
Sound clinical judgment in both mechanical and biological based on scientific and artistic knowledge A high level of psychomotor skill “Precision”. Operative dentistry demands a unique combination of psychomotor and affective skills.

29 Thank you for listening
any question ?

30


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