1. Cardiovascular Disease

2. The Heart 2

3. Common Signs & Symptoms
Chest pain
Shortness of breath
Tachycardia / bradycardia
Cardiac palpitations

4. Common Cardiovascular Diseases
Atrial fibrillation
Irregular atrial rhythm
Arrhythmia
Irregular heart beat
Valve problems
Stenosis
Incomplete closure
Prolapse
Congestive heart failure (CHF)

6. CVD Prevalence in U.S.
Accounts for more than one-third of all U.S. deaths.
More than 1 of 3 U.S. adults currently lives with one or more types of CVD.
(CDC, 2011)

7. CVD Prevalence in Oregon
Oregon.gov, 2010

8. The Weight of the Nation, Consequences

9. CVD Risk Factors Modifiable Non-modifiable High blood pressure Smoking
Cholesterol
Diabetes
Sedentary lifestyle
Non-modifiable
Age
Sex
Family history

11. Risk factor: Hypertension
Hypertension: arteries are narrowed, causes heart to pump harder which creates more force against the artery walls.
“Silent” disease
May cause damage to every organ
Damage is irreversible

12. Hypertension Primary (essential): Secondary
90% of all cases
Cause is unknown – probably genetics and environment.
Secondary
10% of cases
Cause is due to medications or other diseases.
Approx. 1/3 of Americans have hypertension.
Risk increases with age.

13. Myocardial Infraction
AKA: Heart attack
Occurs when heart does not get enough oxygen
Treatment

14. Heart Attack Warning Signs
Chest discomfort
Discomfort in arms, neck, jaw, stomach
Short of breath
Cold sweat
Nausea, vomiting
Lightheadedness, dizziness
Differences between men and women

15. Strokes
Source:

16. Strokes ~700,000 Americans suffer a stroke every year. 1/3 will die.
Strokes may cause permanent damage
Paralysis, speech impairment, memory loss, behavior changes.

17. Strokes in Oregon
Oregon,gov, 2010

18. Stroke Warning Signs
Sudden numbness/weakness of face, arm, leg – especially on one side.
Sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding.
Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes.
Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance/coordination
Sudden severe headache with no known cause.
3 statement test
“Give me a smile”, “Hold out your arms”, “Say this for me”

19. TransIschemic Attack (TIA)
TIA – “ministroke”
Temporary stroke like symptoms
Brief, usually only last a few minutes
No permanent damage occurs
Can be a precursor to a stroke.

20. Prevention!
Lifestyle modifications….