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Muskuloskeletal Assessment Health History Physical Assessment Inspection Palpation Range of Motion Muscular Strength Rachel S. Natividad, RN, MSN
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Physical Assessment- Cont. Cervical spine Shoulders Elbows Wrists/hands Hips Knees Ankles/feet Spine Functional assessment
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Inspection/Palpation Note size and symmetry color, swelling, masses & deformities of joints, limbs and body regions Palpate for temperature, pain, tenderness,
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Spine
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ROM’s Have the pt perform active ROM If unable to, use passive ROM
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Assessing Muscles Strength against gravity, full resistance note as 0/5-5/5 “5/5” = normal
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Rheumatoid arthritis Chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease that attacks the joints, and surrounding tissues, hand, knees, hips, and feet
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Deformities of RA Swan neck deformity Boutinniere Deformity Ulnar Shift
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Osteoarthritis A chronic degeneration of joint cartilage caused by aging or trauma
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Osteoarthritis Heberden’s nodes on distal interphalangeal joints (DIP’s ) Bouchards nodes on proximal interphalangeal joints (PIPs) as disease progresses
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Osteoporosis A decrease in bone mass, porous, brittle, and prone to fracture
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Contractures
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Assessment Guide: Activity & Rest Objective Data Activity Level and Tolerance: ambulates with walker independently/ with minimal assistance; bedrest; up in wheelchair
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Assessment Guide: Activity & Rest Muscles and joints Description: fair muscle tone, no atrophy; atrophy to RLE. No stiffness or contractures; R wrist contracted Movement: limited ROM to RUE; FROM all extremities Strength: strong UE, LE; weak RUE & RLE Coordination: able to perform most ADLs; can comb hair and reach for water glass
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Assessment Guide: Activity & Rest Posture/Gait Slumped, kyphosis, erect; gait unsteady, shuffling, ataxia
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Assessment Guide: Activity & Rest Circulation, Sensation, and Movement Describe: CSM intact; no sensation to R big toe and second toe; numbness and tingling to LEs; Decreased ROM to LUE due to contractures
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Assessment Guide: Activity & Rest Rest/Sleep Patterns Sleeps most of the day Takes midday naps
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Assessment Guide: Activity & Rest Interventions in use: Assistive device, equipment Cast, trapeze, foot cradle, Special beds Air bed, eggcrate mattress Med List: Glucosamine, Allopurinol, NSAIDS, etc.
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