1. Literature review & Detailed Live Demonstration – “search for relevant Literature in search Engines” Showket Bhat, PhD

2. Objectives 1.Definition and importance of literature review. 2.How to look for literature review on internet. 3.Importance of “key words” in the search. 4.A live demo for the serach on specific research topics in diffrerent search engines on internet.

3. Review of Literature Literature review refers to an extensiv and systematic examination of publications (journals, books etc) relevant to the stated research problem. literature review is an important component of every research project: why? 1)To determine the extent of research (practical and theory) that have been developed in the field/topic/research problem. That is how much knowledge already exits on the topic 2)To discover what is known and what remains to be learned in the field. 3)To become aware of difficulties experienced by others which may save time, money, and error or identify ethical issues. 4)Very helpful in discussing your results/conclusions when u make ur reports 5)You can also select a well-written article on asimilar topic as yours to use as a guide in writing the research paper

4. (1)Locate all current/most recent (within the last 2-3 years) publications (journal publications and books) concerned on ur topic/problem (2) summarize and record the content of each in a systematic way (3) perform a critical review of the major works to identify the merits and weaknesses of each element: theoretical perspective, definitions, research designs, methods, instruments, data analysis, and conclusions An effective literature review:

5. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES Primary sources are first-hand accounts of events, such as diaries, patient charts, letters, eyewitness accounts, professional journals, autobiographies, research reports, and information collected by interviews and questionnaires. Secondary sources are second-hand accounts. These include: histories, biographies, textbooks, and materials that give secondary analysis of the data found in primary records. The competent researcher never relies solely on secondary sources and always reviews the primary source as a check against possible errors.

6. Accessing literature/LOCATING PUBLICATIONS/ Downloading reports and publications for your research: The most rapid access to current journals is obtained by a Internet based computer search of the literature/ related to your research topic/problem. Major Search Engine for scientific literature: 1.The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM), a branch of the National Institutes of Health. The NCBI is located in Bethesda, Maryland and was founded in 1988. The NCBI houses a series of databases relevant to biotechnology and biomedicine. Major GenBank [for DNA sequences] PubMed [ bibliographic database for the biomedical literature]. PubMed central 2. Google scholar

7. Key Words in the literature search “Key words” as the name implies are “words” that you put in search engine to open the doors for vast literature for you. Better key words will help you refine your search towards your specific field /topic If you do not put proper key words, you will loose the track

8. Live demo start 1.NCBI/Pubmed (search and download) 2.Google scholar (search and download)

9. A Non-honhodgkins lymphoma patient was hospitalized. The doctors decide to put the patient on chemotherapeutic drug Bleomycin. Unfortunately the team of doctors had no records for dosage of this drug. Now they looked into “PubMed” to retrieve certain articles that would help them set the proper dosage for the patient. Which “key words” will be used to get articles related to this problem.