1. Anatomy Tissue Level of Organization

2. FIVE TYPES OF TISSUE Epithelia Connective Membranes Muscle Neural

3. Epithelia characteristics Always has a free surface Always attached to a basement membrane Does NOT contain blood vessels (avascular) Basement membrane

4. Epithelia Functions provides physical protection controls permeability provides sensation touch receptors temperature receptors pain receptors pressure receptors produces specialized secretions (gland cells)

5. Epithelial surface Cilia – moves materials along a passageway Microvilli – increases surface area for absorption

7. Basement membrane – layer of cells between epithelial and connective tissue

8. Classification of Epithelia By number of layers – Simple – one layer of cells over basement – Stratified- several layers of cells over basement

9. Classification of Epithelia By Shape – Squamous, – Cuboidal – columnar

10. Classification at work: tissue types Simple Squamous Simple cuboidal

11. Classification at work: tissue types Simple Columnar Pseudostratified

12. Classification at work: tissue types transitional Stratified squamous

13. Glandular – epithelial tissue Produces secretions in endocrine or exocrine glands

14. Renewal and repair – by stem cells (germ cells) deep in layer

15. Connective Tissues Characteristics Deep tissue Vascular Never exposed

16. Connective Tissues Functions Support and protection (bones) Transport material (fluids: blood and lymph) Storing energy reserves (fats) Defending the body (antibodies) Bone Blood Fat tissueAntibody

17. Connective Tissue-Classification 3 types of connective tissue – Connective tissue proper – tissue under skin, fatty tissue, tendons and ligaments – Fluid connective tissues (blood and lymph) – Supporting connective tissues (cartilage and bone) Proper Cartilage

18. Connective tissue proper- cell types Fibroblasts most abundant Maintain and produce connective tissue and ground substance MacrophagesMacrophages – eat bad cells and pathogenspathogens Adipocytes – fat cells Mast Cells – begin body’s defense

19. Fibers found in Connective tissue proper Collagen – long straight and unbranched Elastic – branched and wavy – will stretch and return shape

20. Fibers found in Connective tissue proper, con’t Reticular – network, branching and interwoven Ground substance – fills spaces outside cells Matrix = ground substance + fibers

21. Types of connective tissue Loose connective tissue (areolar) Adipose tissue – fat tissue Dense connective tissue

22. Fluid Connective tissue Blood – Red blood cells – White blood cells – Platelets (clotting) Lymph- removes debris White blood cell surrounding bacteria Platelets beginning to clot

23. Supporting connective tissue Cartilage – Hyaline – most common (ribs to sternum, etc) – Elastic – more flexible – outer ear, epiglottis, tip of nose – Fibrocartilage – between vertebrae – not much ground substance Bone BONE

24. Membranes Combined epithilial and connective tissue Types – Mucous – line cavities Types – Serous – internal cavities, pleural, pericardium, peritoneum Serous carcinoma

25. Membranes, con’t Combined epithilial and connective tissue – Cutaneous- covers surface of body – Synovial – at joints

26. Muscle Tissue Types – Skeletal – Cardiac – smooth

27. Neural Tissue Conducts electricity Composed of – Neurons- Neuroglia Neurons

28. Injury Inflammation – swelling, warmth, redness, pain

29. Repair Regeneration – repair process Regeneration

30. Aging Tissues

31. Fabulous web pages to practice – These are hyperlinks – you must be in the slide mode to access them ! Histology topicsHistology topics use the “quiz mode to practice More Practice EVEN MORE PRACTICE One more One more – some good reading and picture review http://www.tvcc.edu/depts/biology/HotPot/A&P/cells_tissues.htm I don’t think I don’t think I included this one above!!