1. 08.10.20151

2. 2 GSM roaming brokerage allows integration of Carribean’s fragmented mobile markets CANTO Congress St. Kitts & Nevis, 21.06.2005 08/10/20152

3. 08.10.20153 Roaming traffic scenario (voice) Bilateral Roaming Agreement (IRA) HLR SMSC MSC GW MSC STP SS7 (MAP) VLR SMSC MSC GW MSC Switch HPMNVPMN Voice (ISUP)

4. 08.10.20154 PMN Buying / Selling Layers of the roaming business Commercial Enabling Transport ISUP IP Voice GRX Roaming Coordination SS7 (MAP) Roaming Coordination TAP / RAP Invoicing/Settlement Signalling Clearing (DC/FC) Signalling Clearing (DC/FC) Contracting, activation & administration

5. 08.10.20155 List of activities Establish SS7 Links Perform IREG Tests Data in Test MSC Data in Billing system Register VPLMN SIM IREG completion certificate Generate TAP Testfile Perform incoming TAP Validation incoming TAP Sending Test SIM‘s Control SS7 Links Produce IO invoice Check out-going TAP RAP File Fraud Control

6. 08.10.20156 Spaghetti roaming Signalling Costs PMN A Clearing Roaming Coordination PMN B PMN C

7. 08.10.20157 Roaming efforts & costs increasing in two dimensions Voice Roaming Early 90ties 20-40 Mid 90ties 50- 100 2002 ~400 End 90ties 100- 200 Around 2000 ~300 Today ~500 Number of GSM Networks SMS Roaming Prepaid Roaming GPRS roaming SMS Interworking Tomorrow ~700-1000 MMS roaming/ IW 3G roaming/ IW Roaming Service Features The actual GSM Roaming framework is elaborated by dominant operators, based on high traffic projections. Small networks and GSM-newcomers must be selective, or find innovative solutions.

8. 08.10.20158 The goals of the GSMA RB TF (Roaming Broker Task Force) Key2roam

9. 08.10.20159 GSMA Roaming Broker Task Force – guidelines “Roaming broker guidelines “ issued August 2001 “Definition: A ‘Roaming Broker’ is an entity, which enables a mobile network operators subscribers to roam on one or more mobile networks where the mobile network operators have no direct contractual.” “Obligations of a Roaming Broker: The following guidelines describe the obligations of a ‘Roaming Broker’ in different fields of operation towards the standard GSM operators.”

10. 08.10.201510 The concept of the automatic signalling testing SIM-Cards of Community Members Customers Network Comfone Internet SIM-Card Server GSM850 / 900 / 1800 / 1900

11. 08.10.201511 Comfone Key2roam MGT PMN Code ISPC 41 799 CHERB 2-061-6 2-061-7 Signalling Flow scheme of Key2roam – General Layout MCC MNC MGT PMN Code 123 02 72 76 ABCK9 MCC MNC MGT PMN Code 321 01 52 44 XYZK9 MSC GT routing table configuration: 321 01  41 799 DPC 2-061-6 Broker agreement MSC GT routing table configuration: 123 02  41 799 DPC 2-061-6 Signalling PMN

12. 08.10.201512 Comfone Key2roam TDIRQATLIEK900001 Sender Recipient TAP Flow scheme of Key2roam – General Layout H’PMN LIEK9 DCH Inc. TAP Files Conv. & Clearing Process TDIRQK9LIEVE00001 Sender Recipient V’PMN IRQK9 DCH Outg. TAP Files VPMN Atheer, Irak PMN code: IRQAT Broker code: IRQK9 DCH HPMN Orange Liechtenstein PMN code: LIEVE Broker code: LIEK9 DCH

13. 08.10.201513 Roaming Broker Invoicing Example Inter PMN invoice - grouped or ungrouped PMN X A 100 B 50 C 20 PMN Y A 200 B 30 Inter PMN invoice - grouped Clearing Comfone Key2roam PMN A B C PMN X Y Z C 45 PMN Z PMN C PMN B PMN A A IOT Comfone IOT = 300 B IOT Comfone IOT = 80 C IOT Comfone IOT = 65 A B C IOT IOT = 170 A B IOT IOT = 230 C IOT IOT = 45

14. 08.10.201514 Standard lead time for activation of Key2roam relations

15. 08.10.201515 Thank you for your attention ! For further information on the topic: Helmut Bösiger Sales Director Latin America Av. Niemeyer 915-1401 Rio de Janeiro Tel: +55 21 3204 6866 Fax: +55 21 3204 6914 Mobile: +55 21 8855 6866 Mobile: +41 79 788 11 18 helmut.boesiger@comfone.com Or Sales & Sales Support Team: Tel: +41 31 341 1172 Fax: +41 31 341 1011 sales.support@comfone.com