1. Nuclear Energy Chapter 12 Section 3

2. Standard S 6.6.a Students know the utility of energy sources is determined by factors that are involved in converting these sources to useful forms and the consequences of the conversation process S 6.6b Students know different natural energy and material resources and how to classify them as renewable and non-renewable

3. Language of the Discipline Nucleus Nuclear fission Reactor vessel Fuel rod Control rod Meltdown Nuclear fusion

4. Anticipatory Set Line up 15 dominoes to form a triangle Knock over the first one What happened? Set it up again and remove the 3 rd line Knock them over What happened now?

5. Nuclear Fission Central core of an atom that contains a proton and neutron is a nucleus Nuclear reactions convert matter into energy E=mc2 E is energy M represents mass C is the speed of light

7. Nuclear Fission The splitting of an atom’s nucleus into 2 smaller nuclei When the neutron hits the U-235 nucleus, the nucleus splits apart into 2 smaller nuclei and 2 or more neutrons If any neutrons strikes another nucleus, the fission reaction is repeated More neutrons and more energy are released Becomes a chain reaction (like the dominoes)

9. Nuclear Fission If a nuclear chain reaction is not controlled, it creates a huge explosion. Atomic bomb A few kilograms of matter explode with more force that thousands tons of dynamite If it is controlled, it can be used to generate electricity Read Summary on page 494-495

11. Nuclear Power Plants Heat released from fission is used to change water into steam. The steam then turns the blades of a turbine to generate electricity. Uranium fuel is used to power these plants Nonrenewable resources Reactor vessel: where nuclear fission occurs Fuel Rods: holds pellets of uranium Control Rods: inserted between fuel rods to slow the speed of chain reactions.

13. Pros and Cons Safety concern Meltdowns of fuel rods Caused a series of explosions Radioactive materials in environment Don’t pollute the air Help solve the problem of global warming Read summary on page 496-497

15. Quest to Control Fusion 2 hydrogen nuclei combine to create a helium nucleus, which has slightly less mass than 2 hydrogen nuclei. The lost mass is converted to large amounts of energy. Nuclear Fusion: combining of 2 atomic nuclei to produce a single larger nucleus Sun produces energy Water is a source of its fuel Renewable resource Only happens at extremely high pressure and temperature Read Summary on page 498

16. Checking of Understanding What happens in a nuclear chain reaction? What is the purpose of a control rod? What is nuclear fission?

17. Guided Practice Independent Practice Worksheet/workbook Stop! Have your answers checked by teacher! Study Guide problems