1. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Benchmarking the WSIS in Africa Abebe Chekol ICT and Science & Technology Division United Nations Economic Commission for Africa

2. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Contents  The WSIS Survey  Findings of Action Lines 1 – 11  Conclusion

3. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ECA WSIS Survey  Conducted a survey between December 2010 and March 2011  The objectives were: To take a stock of the progresses achieved by member States in implementing the WSIS Action Lines; To share the state-of-the-practices in implementation models among member States; To review the WSIS monitoring tools/questionnaires, indicators and data collection methodologies and develop roadmap for future follow- up; and To support a continual activity through WSIS monitoring web-based database and platform.  15 countries completed the questionnaire and returned (Burkina Faso, Burundi, Comoros, Congo, DRC, Gambia, Guinea Conakry, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius, Niger, Senegal and Sudan)

4. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Sub-regional distribution Sub-regionsCentralEastNorthSouthernWest Percentage7%33%7% 46% CountriesCongoBurundi, Comoros, DRC, Kenya, Madagascar SudanMauritiusBurkina Faso, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Mali, Niger, Senegal

5. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Role of Public Government Authorities and all Stakeholders in promoting ICT4D (C1)  National Policies Over of 86% of the countries have national ICT Policy in place with the exception of Comoros and DRC (under development)  Implementation in progress and governments are allocating increasing proportion of national budget into ICT4D  Kenya spent 2.8% in 2009 and 0.9% in 2010  Mali spent 2.26% of its budget in 2010  Mauritius spent 0.69% in 2010  Senegal has been spending from 7 to 10% of its budget since 2005

6. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Role of Public Government Authorities and all Stakeholders in promoting ICT4D (C1) - PPPs  PPPs are also means of financing ICT4D activities in countries:  Burundi – PPP agreement signed with a consortium of five telecom operators (ONATEL, UCOM, AFRICEL, Econet Wireless and CABINET) on its fiber optic infrastructure  Congo – with CAB-ICT and WACS on infrastructure  Gambia – on Gambia Biometrix ID System  Ghana – all ICT4D programmes pursue PPPs models  Madagascar – GOTICOM (a group of telecom and ICToperators)  Mauritius – Community Empowerment Programme (CEP)  Senegal – ICT Incubators in Dakar and the regeneration of telecentres, etc.  Sudan – e-citizen initiative, PC for every family, Computer lab for every secondary school, E- community Service Centers,E-Government Support, National Records house support, University Digital Library support, Nuclear hospital support, University of Africa network Built and support

7. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Information and communication infrastructure (C2)  ICT for all Most countries have universal access strategies  Connectivity for public access Community access points exist in all countries  Adequate and affordable ICT equip & services E.g. Sudan – Alzarqaa manufacturing of handsets, NCTR to develop and manufacturing of (VOIP system, Open EPR, data com equip, smart phones, etc.) www.ntcr.sd  Key Int’l and regional partners include China, India, World Bank, ECOWAN, EU, CAB-CIT, WACS, etc. CountryCongoMadagascarMaliMauritiusSudan PAIC/100050.1810.090.004

8. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Access to information and knowledge (C3)  Policy or guideline for public domain information 73% of the countries have policy or guidelines E.g. include Kenya’s Freedom of Info Policy and Bill; 2006 Law on Archives and Admn docs in Senegal; Sudan is developing Info Access Act  Initiatives to provide public access to gov info and services Government portal is common in most countries – e.g. www.gov.bi, www.gambia.gov.gm, www.gov.mu, www.gouv.ml, www.madagascar.gov.mg, www.gov.biwww.gambia.gov.gmwww.gov.mu www.gouv.mlwww.madagascar.gov.mg  Strategies to undertake S&T and research Emphasis is being given by most countries on STI and research and institutional mechanisms are being created  73% of the countries have put in place strategies to establish and promote MCTs.

9. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Capacity building (C4)  Level of ICT integration in education and training Almost all countries have integrated ICT education in their schools at different levels – e.g. Burkina Faso from senior schools, Burundi from secondary schools, Congo at all levels, Gambia at higher level and plans to integrate at all levels, in Senegal, ICT education is mandated from primary school, and in Ghana, computers supplied to schools, Internet connection to schools, and adopted online registration for exams, training of teachers, ICT curriculum, distance learning, etc. A no of countries have developed an ICT in education policy such as Burkina Faso, Kenya, Ghana and Mauritius  ICT literacy programmes become common and in some countries innovative initiatives are underway

10. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Capacity building (C4).. Mauritius  Universal ICT Education Prog (UIEP) from 2006 Internet and Computing Core Certification (IC3) – benchmarking digital literacy/prof in Mauritius – students, employees, non-employees and the pop at large; 45 hours duration; computer labs in 55 state sec schools; content include basic computing, appli and living online; certifies 41 hrs of attendance; over 116,594 trained on IC3  Cyber Caravan Project With 9 to 10 computers connected to the Internet; training offers to children, students, unemployed, women, private sector staff, planters, farmers and senior citizens in all regions; training is held in social welfare centres, community centres; Senegal – the two President of the Rep initiatives One computer for a student -Centres of computers (second hand) in schools with Internet access in the framework of the project for recycling computers.. One computer for a teacher -Online training in the universities Sudan Ministry of Communication and Information Technology approved the Sudan ICT Driving License Certificate programme

11. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Building confidence and security in the use of ICTs (C5)  40% have cyber-security laws in place and another 40% are in the process of transposing the CDEAO and UEMOA text/guideline or developing one. Only 20% have not yet initiated. CountryCyber-security laws GambiaInfo and Comm Act 2009 GhanaElectronic trans Act 2008 KenyaKenya Comm (Amend) Act (KCA) 2009 MauritiusComputer Misuse and Cybercrime Act (2003) SenegalLaws on protection of personal data, e-transactions, cybercrime, and cryptology in 2008 (www.adie.sn)www.adie.sn SudanCyber Crime Law of 2007 (www.nicsudan.gov.sd)www.nicsudan.gov.sd

12. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Building confidence and security in the use of ICTs (C5)…  Guidelines for preventing, detecting anad responding to cybercrime Gambia, Ghana, Mauritius, Niger, Senegal and Sudan (established CERT – Cyber Crime Court)  Guideline on use of e- docs and transactions, including e – means verification Guinea (e-trans laws), Gambia, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Senegal and Sudan (e-transaction law 2007); Mali and Niger developing one  Guideline on privacy and data and consumer protection Gambia, Mauritius (Data prot Act 2004 - http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/telecomit/files/dpa04.doc ), Senegal and Sudan; Congo, Kenya, Niger and Ghana are developing one http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/telecomit/files/dpa04.doc  Level of deployment of security systems in public and private sectors to combat cybercrime is low;  Level of awareness in the country of ICT-related security issues generally law

13. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Enabling environment (C6)  Policy, regulatory and legal reforms to promote ICT4D New legal and regulatory envts created in many countries  Policy to promote open, interoperable, non- discriminatory ICT standards Burundi created norms for the ICT sector Ghana Interoperability Framework

14. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Enabling environment (C6)…  Impact of legal and regulatory on the ICT on ICT industry Tax exception mobile tel increased its usage in Burkina Faso; Liberalisation in Burundi opened up the market for 6 mobile operators, 6 ISPs,20s radio transmitters, comm cost reduced..; Liberalisation in Gambia attracted 4 mobile operators with more accessibility and improved service; In Ghana, it created confidence, predictability ease, investment increased, dispute resolution measures, and expanding infrastructure, etc.  Initiatives to promote SMEs participations The implementation of E-commerce in Burkina Faso promotes SMEs ICT parks in Gambia in progress

15. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ICT Applications (C7) – e-government

16. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Cultural diversity, identity, linguistic diversity and local content (C8)  Proportion of Internet users by language Burundi (80% French and 60% English) Madagascar (99% French, 0.5% English, 0.5 in Malagasy)  Proportion of webpages by language Gambia - all websites in English (official lang) Madagascar (95% French, 5% Malagasy)  Initiatives support for software in loc language Madagascar – ICT vocabulary in Malagasy (2005) Bamanan website in Mali for agriculturists http://www.jekabaara.orghttp://www.jekabaara.org Sudan content devt - www.nicsudan.gov.sdwww.nicsudan.gov.sd

17. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Media (C9)  Media play important role in creating information society in most countries E.g. Sundan has special awareness prog on TV and Radio; Documentary film on TV in Madagascar  Governments guarantee the independence and plurality of the media in most countries Constitutional right in Burkina Faso - http://www.csc.bfhttp://www.csc.bf National Council for Comm in Guinea supports this; The Independent Broadcasting Authority Act ensures the independence of media in Mauritius; Mali has also an independent regulatory agency

18. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Ethical dimensions of the Information Society (C10)  ICT policies promote the ethical dimension of the use of ICTs in most countries In Burkina Faso, Burundi, Sudan it is stated in the national policy Based on the Child Online Saftey Action Plan,Mauritius launched sensitisation campaign for children, parents and the public; As of Feb 2011, the govt of Mauritius implemented the Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Online Content Filtering System  Not in many countries that academic community involved in research on ethical dimension of the info soc

19. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia International and regional cooperation (C11)  A number of ICT4D initiatives in countries involve a range of international and regional partners from governments, to private sector and RECs  Partners mentioned include ECA, ITU, UNDP, Microsoft, EU, World Bank, UNICEF, RASCOM, ECOWAS, India (the Pan Africa e-Network Project), UEMOA, CEDEAO, China

20. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Conclusion  There is progressive implementation efforts with increased investment in ICT4D  The mobile penetration and fibre optic cables for an enhanced broadband will enable deployment of applications in key socio- economic devt. Intl bandwidth will increase significantly;  Citizens’ access to public info is improving  The integration of ICT in edu need to be backed by clear policies and strategies  The cyber-legislations both at regional and national level would accelerate e/m-commerce  While e-gov is being well adopted, ICT adoption and application devt in other sectors sill remain very low;  In most areas of the WSIS action lines, improvements are observed from 2009 benchmarks.

21. The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia The Second Session of the Committee on Development Information, Science and Technology CODIST-II 2-5 May 2011, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Thank you! achekol@uneca.org achekol@uneca.org