1. Current Developments in Display Technologies Gary Mandle Sr. Product Manager Sony Electronics Inc.

2. How Important are Flat Panel TVs? From Veritas et Visus LCD TV Matters Vol. 1 Issue 3

3. Distribution of Technologies Market Estimate 28M units –LCD 25M units –PDP 3.4M units –FPJ-RPJ 350K units Market Size Est $24B R&D Budget Est $1.5B Projected ’09 Sales of each Technology

4. Who’s Doing what? LCD Technology –Akita Research Institute of Advanced Technology –Andong National University –AOU –Beijing BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co. –Chi Mei optoelectronics corp –Chonbuk National University –DIC Corp –Electronics & Telecommunications Research Institute –Fujitsu micro elceltronics inc –Hanyang University –Innolux Display Corp –Kent State University/Samsung –Kyung Hee University –Max Planck-institut fÜr Informatik –Merck Advanced Technologies –Military University of Technology –Nanjing University –Nanotechnology Research Institute –National Cheng Kung University –National Taiwan University –NHK Science & Technology Research labs –Panasonic –Planar –Pusan National University –Qualcomm –Raman Research Institute –Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co –Sharp Corp –SKC Haas –Sony Corp –Tokyo University of Science –Toshiba Corp –Tsinghua University –University of Central Florida –University of Illinois –University of Texas in Austin –Yeungnam University –Zeon Corp OLED Technology –3M Display & Graphics Business laboratory –Applied Nanotech –Canon –Eastman Kodak –Kyushu University –Industrial Technology Research Institute –LG Display R&D Center –National Dong Hwa University –National Taiwan University –National Taipei University of Technology –Pioneer –RiTDisplay –Saarland University –Sogo Pharmaceutical –Sony corp –Samsung SDI/NEC –SFC –TDK –University of California –University of Central Florida –Univision –US Army Research labs PDP Technology –Advanced PDP Development Center Corp –Hiroshima University –Hitachi –LG Display –North Carolina State University –Panasonic –Pioneer –Samsung FED technology –Delhi University –Field Emission Technologies –Haldia university –Samsung SDI/NEC –Solid State physics –Toshiba/Canon (SED) –TECO Nanotech

5. Investment Primary Investment Motivation –Energy Efficiency & E Waste California Disposal Tax Texas PC Recycling Law –Increase in Costs Reach, WEEE & RoHS Intuitives –European Union Restriction of Hazardous Materials EU Ban of Incandescent Lamps DCiE Metric –New Limits to Power Consumption New UL “Green” Validation Certifications

6. Substrate Size –Gen 5 (2004) Six 27 Inch Panels 1100mm x 1300mm (3.6ft x 4.2ft) –Gen 6 (2005) Eight 32 Inch Panels 1500mm x 1800mm (4.9ft x 5.9ft) –Gen 7 (2006) Twelve 32 Inch Panels 1870mm x 2200mm (6.1ft x 7.2ft) Substrate Size –Gen 8 (2007) Eight 46 inch panels Six 52 inch panels 2160mm x 2400mm (7ft x 7.8ft) –Gen 11(maybe 2010) Eighteen 40 inch panels Fifteen 46 inch panels eight 62 inch panels six 72 inch panels 2880mm x 3130mm (9.4ft x 10.2ft)

7. Substrate Size Sharp’s Gen 8 plant 60,000 u/mth output Samsung Gen 7 plant S LCD Gen 8 plant 75,000 u/mth output Panasonic P4 plant 960K u/mth P5 plant 1.96M u/mth P5 = 37 football fields

8. Problems With Indium Shortage of Indium –Required for LCD, PDP & almost every other display technology –sourced from Russia and Canada –Part of the indium tin oxide layers (ITO) –primary conductor used on glass substrates because of “wetting” properties

9. Problems With Indium carbon Nano Tube –Possible replacement for ITO –Uses “Tunnel Effect” –grown instead of sputtered –adheres to glass

10. LCD Improvements in viewing angle –Multiple Domains & Subpixels –Samsung 8 Domain PVA

11. LCD Shaped Electrodes –Higher Transmittance –Dong-A University Shared data paths –Lower Cost 5 Color Filters –Wider gamut –Sharp New LC materials –Faster Switching –Merck Flexible Substrates –Military Applications –Arizona State University Shaped Electrodes in IPS 5 Color Flexible Substrates Smaller LC Cell New Materials

12. Backlights CCFL –New BEF Filters Lower Power Consumption 3M (Vikuiti Brand) Fusion Optics (PF series) –New Filter Films Improved viewing angles SKC Haas Display Films 3M BEF Efficiency SKC Haas Viewing Angle Tests 3M T-BEF 90/24

13. Backlights LED –White OLED Better Uniformity National Taiwan University –local dimming Better Blacks Saarland University Local Dimming White OLED

14. PDP Fits nine 50 inch in the same area 4096 x 2160

15. PDP MgO Films –Higher secondary electron emission lowers discharge voltage –higher resistance to ion sputtering longer panel life –high exoelectron emission provides priming particals Crystal Emissive Layer –Increase of phosphor emissions Cel Adhesion

16. PDP Increase of Dielectric constant of barrier ribs –Lower power loss Low T ℮ and spatially Distributed Drive –Higher ionization/excitation rates High X ℮ Content Drive –Increased UV efficiencies

17. FED Field Emission Technologies –Most active in FED –Spin off from Sony –Using Nano SPINDT cathode design –Also partnering with Astro Design & Ikegami

18. FED FED Structure

19. FED Developing very high frame rate display –240 Hz+ Current max resolution –19 inch 1280 x 720 –26 inch 1920 x 1080 –8 bit drives Talking with Pioneer on manufacturing plant purchase

20. OLED LG OLED Optimus OLED Keyboard Sony PLED Kodak OLED Sony XEL-1 OLED TV Samsung 31 inch OLED Universal Display PLED NWZ X1000

21. OLED Light from radiative recombination of electrons and holes –Action from an atom in an excited state undergoes a transition to ground –releases a photon Primary parts are –hole donor –electron donor –emissive layer

22. OLED LCD and OLED Top Emission OLED Bottom Emission

23. OLED Advantages of organic semiconductors –molecules are held together by weak van der waals forces –carrier mobilities are low typically less than 1cm 2 /v-s –high fluorescence efficiencies –epitaxy is not required –properties can be tailored with Types of Materials –*can be fabricated on large substrates

24. OLED Injection –Single Carrier –Dual Carrier

25. OLED Carrier Mobilities

26. OLED White OLED for Lighting

27. How They Compare

28. Other Stuff E Paper GLV laser Illumination

29. Thanks to Dr. Franky So –Florida State University Mark Fihn –Veritas et Visus Jim Noecker –Panasonic Shohei Hasegawa –Field Emission Technologies And Walt Ordway –For noting the “M”