1. 1st Regional Workshop: Improving National and Regional Disease Surveillance, Monitoring and Reporting Systems Belgrade, Serbia, 15-19 July 2013 FAO Technical Cooperation Programme TCP/RER/3402 Assistance to Western Balkan Countries for Improving Compliance to International Standards on Aquatic Animal Health Aquaculture and aquatic disease surveillance in Montenegro Tatjana Babović Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development Veterinary Administration e-mail:tatjana.babovic@vu.gov.me

2. Aquacuture in Montenegro Fisheries is a traditional branch of economy, present in fishing areas of the sea coast and the Lake of Skadar, which plays also an important sociological and cultural role Fisheries sector’s share in the national Gross Domestic Product is 0.5 %, Fisheries sector’s share in Gross Agricultural Product is 3.1%, Marine fisheries sector accounts for 0.3 % of the total fisheries sector of the European community in the Mediterranean.

3. 3 Montenegro: Area – 13,812 km2, Population– 625,000 Population density– 45/km2 Capital city – Podgorica Coast length – 298 km Inland waters – 362 km2 Territorial waters– 2098.9 km2

4. Aquacuture in Montenegro  Freshwater Aquaculture  Central and northern region of Montenegro  26 rainbow trout farms  Farming method: water from watercourses, cage farming in lakes  Freshwater Aquaculture  Central and northern region of Montenegro  26 rainbow trout farms  Farming method: water from watercourses, cage farming in lakes  Mariculture  In the Bay of Boka Kotorska  16 Mediterranean mussel farms (rope and buoy system)  1 oyster farm  2 farms of sea bass and sea bream (cage system)  Mariculture  In the Bay of Boka Kotorska  16 Mediterranean mussel farms (rope and buoy system)  1 oyster farm  2 farms of sea bass and sea bream (cage system)

5. Aquacuture in Montenegro Aquaculture production by species Species20072008200920102011 Sea bass – Dicentrarchus labrax38.5037.5060.00 Sea bream - Sparus aurata38.0037.5055.0060.00 Mussel – Mytilus galloprovincialis156.28200.00190.00150.00200.00 Rainbow trout - Oncorhynchus mykiss 117.36291.80212.00450.00500.00 Total (t)350.14566.80517.00720.00820.00

6. Aquatic animal diseases National pathogen list Veterinary law (OG MN 30/12); Rulebook on classification of animal diseases, method of reporting and informing on infectious animal diseases (OG MN 5/08), the integral part of which is the List of notifiable diseases, method of notifying and informing on suspected, confirmed case, termination of a disease and classification of animal diseases and forms for notification of suspected, confirmed and termination of a disease are prescribed.

7. Aquatic animal diseases National pathogen list Fish diseases Disease Required reported suspicion of disease Mandatory reporting of a confirmed case of disease OIE listed disease Epizootic haematopoletic necrosis -++ Infectious haematopoletic necrosis +++ Spring viraemia of carp-++ Viral haemorrhagic septicaemia +++ Infectious salmon anaemia +++ Epizootic ulcerative syndrome -++ Gyrodactylosis (Gyrodactylus salaris) -++ Red sea bream iridoviral disease -++ Koi herpesvirus disease-++

8. Aquatic animal diseases National pathogen list Mollusc diseases Disease Required reported suspicion of disease Mandatory reporting of a confirmed case of disease OIE listed disease Infection with Bonamia ostreae -++ Infection with Bonamia exitiosa -++ Martillosis (Marteilia refringens, Marteilia sydneyi) -++ Infection with Perkinsus marinus -++ Infection with Perkinsus olseni -++ Infection with Heriohaliotis californiensis -++ Abalone viral mortality-++

9. Aquatic animal diseases National pathogen list Crustacean diseases Disease Required reported suspicion of disease Mandatory reporting of a confirmed case of disease OIE listed disease Taura syndrome-++ White spot disease-++ Yellowhead disease-++ Tetrahedral baculovirosi s (Baculovirus penaei) -++ Spherical baculoviros is (Penaeus monodon-type (baculovirus) -++ Infectious hypodermal and haemopoetic necrosis -++ Crayfish plague (Aphanomyces astaci) -++

10. Aquatic animal diseses surveillance- Competent authority Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development is the competent state body in charge of policy and adoption of regulations for implementation of laws in veterinary policy. Veterinary Administration is the competent public administration body in charge of implementation of regulations from the veterinary field, prepares technical basis for legislation and cooperates in policy-making in these fields. Veterinary Administration and Directorate for Inspection Affairs and through veterinary inspectors, performs supervision over the implementation of measures laid down by the law and secondary legislation in the field of prevention of occurrence, control and eradication of infectious animal diseases.

11. Institutional Framework MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT VETERINARY ADMINISTRATION Adopts rulebooks and animal health protection programs VETERINARY SURGERIES DIAGNOSTIC VETERINARY LABORATORY VETERINARY CHAMBER ADMINISTRATION FOR INSPECTORIAL AFFAIRS Implement the measures laid down GOVERNMENT OF MONTENEGRO Proposes laws Adopts contingency plans PARLIAMENT OF MONENEGRO Adopts laws

12. Institutional Framework MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT VETERINARY ADMINISTRATION Department for Veterinary Public Health Senior Veterinary Advisers (2) Department for Veterinary Public Health Senior Veterinary Advisers (2) Department for animal health and welfare Senior Veterinary Advisers (4) Department for animal health and welfare Senior Veterinary Advisers (4) Director Veterinary Sector Administration for Inspectorial Affairs Veterinary Inspectorates Chief Inspector Veterinary Inspectors 20 Private veterinary sector Veterinary surgeries Authorised veterinarians Diagnostic Veterinary Laboratory

13. Aquatic animal diseses surveillance- Legislation background Veterinary Law, governs the conditions and method of performing the veterinary activities, animal health protection, veterinary public health measures, veterinary environmental protection as well as other issues of relevance for carrying out veterinary activities. Adoption of a Rulebook transposing the provisions of the Directive 2006/88/EC is planned for the upcoming period. Program of mandatory animal health protection measures – operational program (for the purpose of monitoring, prevention of occurrence, detection, control and eradication of infectious and parasitic diseases). The program lays down: measures, deadlines, method of their implementation, implementing entities, sources, method of provision and use of funds, method of control, method of reporting and other conditions for their implementation;

14. Aquatic animal diseses- Surveillance Fish diseases The Program of mandatory animal health protection measures in the past 5 years has provided for the following of the epizootiological situation when it comes to the viral haemorrhagic septicemia - VHS, infectious pancreatic necrosis – IPN in trout, furunculosis and renibacteriosis in all registered fish farms twice a year. Notfiable diseases have not been registered in analyses conducted so far.

15. Aquatic animal diseses surveillance- Legislation background

16. Molluscs diseases Molluscs farming in Montenegro is done in entirety in the area of the Bay of Boka Kotorska. Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis) are among the species farmed in Montenegro. Furthermore, Montenegro has not yet set zones, that is, compartments, according to the health status of molluscs. The health status with regard to infections with Marteilia refringens and Bonamia ostreae is unknown for the whole territory of the state. In 2013. monitoring of molluscs diseaseshas been prepared for the first time: Bonamiosis (Bonamia ostreae) in the European Oyster (Ostrea edulis) Marteliosis (Marteilia refringens) in the Mediteranian Mussle (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and the European Oyster (Ostrea edulis)

17. Aquatic animal diseses surveillance- Legislation background

18. Aquatic animal diseses surveillance- disease reporting, diagnostics, outbreak investigation, emergency response There is no specific legal act in place on measures for control of Aquatic animal diseses. Adoption of a Rulebook transposing the provisions of the Directive 2006/88/EC is planned for the upcoming period Where necessary, measures for control of infectious diseases laid down by the Veterinary Law apply Suspected infectious animal disease (Article 56) In case of occurrence of an infectious animal disease or when signs of the disease have been established giving rise to suspect that the animal has taken ill with or died of an infectious disease, the animal keeper shall: Notify, without delay, the nearest veterinary surgery or official veterinarian; separate healthy animals from those suspected to be taken ill; prevent entry of unauthorized persons into the holding, or the facility; restrain from taking or forcing the animal out of the holding, or the facility; keep the dead animal until a veterinarian arrives; facilitate a clinical examination, taking of the material for diagnostic examination, including killing, or slaughter of animals, and carrying out of the epizootiological examination; implement other measures ordered or prescribed.

19. Aquatic animal diseses surveillance- disease reporting, diagnostics, outbreak investigation, emergency response Establishing of an infectious animal disease (Article 57) A veterinarian suspecting an infectious or parasitic animal disease shall: Order the keeper to implement the measures prescribed and enter the measures ordered into the records kept on the holding; Undertake the measures necessary in order to confirm or exclude the suspected disease, or establish the cause of animal death and prevent the spread of the disease; In cases of diseases referred to in Article 54 of this Law, notify, as prescribed, the official veterinarian in charge of that particular epizootiologcial area. The veterinary staff shall undertake all the measures necessary so they would not pose a risk of spread of causative agent of the disease. The animal keeper shall implement the measures ordered. The veterinarian submitting the materials for laboratory examination in cases of suspected infectious animal disease shall ensure transport of the material sampled so as to prevent the spread of the infectious disease or deterioration of the material. The material shall be submitted for examination to the Diagnostic Veterinary Laboratory or other authorised laboratory. The laboratory examination of diagnostic material for the purpose of establishing the causative agents of infectious or parasitic diseases by methods prescribed shall be carried out by Diagnostic Veterinary Laboratory or other laboratory authorised by the Veterinary Administration.

20. Aquatic animal diseses surveillance- disease reporting, diagnostics, outbreak investigation, emergency response Procedure in case of establishing the infectious animal disease (Article 58) Upon establishing of an infectious or parasitic disease, or suspicion of a disease, the official veterinarian in charge of that particular epizootiological area shall report the suspicion or the established disease to the Administration in a prescribed manner. The official veterinarian shall notify the legal persons carrying out veterinary activities in the area he is in charge of, of the occurrence of the infectious or parasitic disease or the suspected disease. The official veterinarian shall carry out the epoziootiological examination on the basis of the notification of infectious animal disease or suspected infectious animal disease. The official veterinarian shall notify the competent health institution of the suspected or established hooknoses.

21. Aquatic animal diseses surveillance- disease reporting, diagnostics, outbreak investigation, emergency response Measures for control of infectious animal diseases (Article 59) – 1 When the presence of an infectious disease is established and for as long as the danger of the infectious disease, depending on the nature of the infectious disease and the level of hazard in the infected holding or infected and endangered area, the official veterinarian may order one or more of the following measures: separation of healthy animals from the diseased ones; prohibition and/or restriction of movement and placing onto market and trade in animals, and movement of people and vehicles; prohibition of fairs, exhibitions, sports events and other public events, prohibition of work of markets, assemblies and other places where animals are gathered; prohibition or restriction in trade in products of animal origin, feed and other objects by which the disease may be transmitted, and by-products; killing or in certain cases, slaughter of animals diseased and animals suspected of infectious disease;

22. Aquatic animal diseses surveillance- disease reporting, diagnostics, outbreak investigation, emergency response Measures for control of infectious animal diseases (Article 59) - 2 prohibition or restriction of production of animals for a specific period of time; treatment, preventive or suppressive vaccination and diagnostic testing; restriction of movement of persons coming into contact with the infected or animal suspected of being infected and products originating from an infected animal; prohibition of entry or exit of people and animals from and into the infected, endangered area or area suspected of infection; disinfection, pest and rodent control of objects, equipment, facilities, means of transport, areas, locations and surfaces where infected animals or animals suspected of infection were kept or where products originating from such animals were kept, and setting up of disinfectant barriers;

23. Aquatic animal diseses surveillance- disease reporting, diagnostics, outbreak investigation, emergency response Measures for control of infectious animal diseases (Article 59) – 3 prohibition of issuing certificates on animal health condition and animal origin and certificates on health safety of products and other documents as laid down by this law; systematic control of disease vectors; securing and maintenance of hygiene conditions in facilities for breeding and production of animals, establishments for production, processing, storage and trade in products of animal origin, feed and by-products, as well as means of transport; safe disposal and destruction of carcasses of animals dead or slaughtered and infected material; safe disposal and destruction of feed, litter, excrements, objects and other materials from the establishments that cannot be rendered safe by cleaning and disinfection; temporary prohibition of work in establishments were products of animal origin, feed and by-products are produced, processed, stored and placed onto market.

24. Aquatic animal disease diagnostics Diagnostic Veterinary Laboratory in Podgorica is the only one that perform the laboratory diagnostics of animal diseases Prescribed methods of diagnosis for pathogens/diseases under the National Pathogen List: Bacterial diseases - cultivation on bacteriologic media Viral diseases- VHS, IPN - Ag ELISA Bonamiosis- Coloring of smear of heart and gills, histopatological examination or PCR Marteliosis- Coloring of smear of digestive tract, histopatological examination or PCR

25. Challanges Harmonisation with EU legislation in this field; Development, improvement and implementation of the Monitoring Program; Administrative capacity building of the Veterinary Administration, Diagnostic Veterinary Laboratory, Veterinary Inspectorate and veterinary service in general; IMPLEMENTATION!

26. Thank you for attention