1. Engine Measurements Part 1 Rating Energy Sources Force: Energy: Work: Power: Torque: Is a Push or Pull against an object (does not need to move) Measured in: Pounds (lbs) or Neutons (N) Potential, the ability to do Work Energy put to some useful purpose Measured in: Foot-Pounds (ftlbs) or Neutons-Meters (NM) Calculation: Force X Distance Work completed in a given amount of time Calculation: Force X Distance Time Measured in: Foot-Pounds (ftlbs) or Neutons-Meters (NM) sec sec A twisting and turning force (does not need to move) Calculation: Force X Distance Measured in: Foot-Pounds (ftlbs) or Neutons-Meters (NM)

2. Engine Measurements Part 1 !! Calculating POWER !! Force = 3,000 lbs Distance = 50 ft Time = 10 sec Power = ? Power = Force X Distance Time Power = 3,000 lbs X 50 ft 10 sec Power = 15,000 ft lbs 10 sec Power = 1,500 ftlbs/sec 1 Horse Power = 550 ftlbs/se Therefore Power = 1,500 ftlbs/sec 550 ftlbs/sec Answer = 27.3 HP 50 ft 3,000 lbs 10 sec HP ??

3. Engine Measurements Part 1 Force = 1.8 Neutons Distance = 30 meters Time = 1.1 sec Power = ? Power = Force X Distance Time Power = 1.8 N X 30 M 1.1 sec Power = 49.1 NM/sec Answer = 49.1 NM/sec or 49.1 Watts Power = 54 NM 1.1 sec 1 NM/sec = 1 Watt F.Y.I. 1 HP = 746 Watts Answer in Imp =.07 HP HP = 49.1 NM/sec 746 NM/sec 1.8 Neutons 30 Meters 1.1 Sec Power ?

4. Engine Measurements Part 1 Force = 8,000 lbs Distance = 50 ft Time = ? sec Power = 50 HP Power = Force X Distance Time 50 HP = 8,000 lbs X 50 ft ? sec 1 Horse Power = 550 ftlbs/se Answer = 1.5 seconds 50 HP = 40,000 ftlbs ? sec 27,500 ftlbs/sec = 40,000 ftlbs 1 ? sec 27,500 x ? = 40,000 x 1 27,500 x ? = 40,000 27,500 27,500 ? = 1.5 50 ft 8,000 lbs 50 HP Time ??

5. Engine Measurements Part 1 !! Calculating TORQUE !! Torque = Force X Distance 18” 12 lbs T = 12 lbs X18 in Answer: T = 216 inlbs In ftlbs ? T = 12 lbs X1.5 ft Answer: T = 18 ftlbs ! Big Difference between ft lbs and in lbs !

6. Engine Measurements Part 1 !! Calculating TORQUE !! “The Big Mistake” “ Torque = Force X Distance “

7. Engine Measurements Part 2 Piston Displacement PD = the volume the piston displaces or sweeps out from BDC to TDC. (How much A/F is drawn in?) Volume Cylinder = R X H 2 PD = ( Bore/2 ) 2 X Stroke X # of Cylinders

8. Engine Measurements Part 2 ! Calculating Piston Displacement ! Ex #1 Bore = 75 mm Stroke = 100 mm PD = (B/2) x S x # cyl 2 PD = (75 mm/2) x 100 mm x 1 2 PD = 44156.3 mm 3 Answer in cm 3 1 cm = 3 1,000 mm 3 Therefore 44156.3 mm 1000 mm 3 3 Answer = 44.15 cm or CC 3 1 cm 1 cm x 1cm x 1cm = 1 cm 3 1 cm = 10 mm Therefore: 10mm x 10mm x 10mm = 1000mm 3 More Impressive 50 CC !!

9. Engine Measurements Part 2 Ex #2 Bore = 3.5 “ Stroke = 4” 8 cyl engine PD = (B/2) x S x # cyl 2 PD = (3.5”/2) x 4” x 8 2 PD = 307.72 in 3 Answer in CC 1 in = 3 16.4 cm 3 Therefore : 307.72 in x 16.4 in 33 Answer = 5046.7 cm or 5000 CC 3 1 in 1 in x 1 in x 1 in = 1 in 3 or 307 cuin 1 in = 2.54 cm 2.54cm x 2.54cm x 2.54cm = 16.4 cm 3 Answer in Liters 1 liter = Therefore: 1000 CC 5000 cc = 5.0 L ! Calculating Piston Displacement !

10. Engine Measurements Part 2 Compression Ratio's CR = the comparison of the volume at BDC compared to TDC ( how much the air fuel mixture is compressed ) Largest determining factor for amount of power a motor produces The more a A/F mixture is compressed the more Power !! CR Ratio = Volume at BDC Volume at TDC PD + Combustion Chamber Displacement Combustion Chamber Displacement CR = PD + VCC VCC = Combustion Chamber Displacement Piston Displacement Combustion Chamber Displacement

11. Engine Measurements Part 2 ! Calculating Compression Ratio’s ! Ex #1 PD = 65.6 CC VCC = 8.2 CC CR = PD + VCC VCC CR = 65.6 CC + 8.2 CC 8.2 CC CR = 9to 1 or 9:1

12. Engine Measurements Part 2 ! Calculating Compression Ratio’s ! Ex #2 Bore = 3.5” Stroke = 3.5” 4 cyl VCC = 4.5 cin CR = PD + VCC VCC CR = PD + 4.5 cin 4.5 cin PD = (B/2) x S x # cyl 2 PD = (3.5”/2) x 3.5” x 1 cyl 2 PD = 33.7 cin CR = 33.7 cin + 4.5 cin 4.5 cin CR = 8.5 to 1 or 8.5:1